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Natural ventilation in large greenhouses is an important process to control the air temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration. Existing theoretical and experimental studies apply well to air leakage and to small scale greenhouses ventilation. Furthermore, they do not deal with the detailed description of the air movement inside the greenhouse nor in the window aperture. Classical theory has been applied to a continuous single sided roof opening and to a continuous double roof and side wall opening. Wind and temperature effects were evaluated and then combined together and with the chimney effect. The influence of ventilation on the vegetation temperature and transpiration was also stressed by comparison of experimental measurements and simulation results by means of a greenhouse dynamic climate model. This dynamic energy balance model was also used for the estimation of a new ventilation function whose agreement with extensive series of experimental data was unequalled. The air movement in both leeward and windward side individual openings was investigated by means of a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer. It clearly established the dependence of the airflow distribution on the location of the opening on the roof for a given wind direction. A 12 two-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers system was then built and calibrated so as to measure simultaneously the horizontal airflow pattern inside the entire greenhouse or through the window apertures which can be described by means of some simple non-dimensional functions in terms of easily measured parameters.

Greenhouses --- Ventilation --- Energy balance --- Measurement

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The purpose of this special volume was to provide an international forum within which to present the recent progress made in positron and positronium chemistry, and to exchange new ideas in fields of research which use positrons and positronium. This special volume covers nearly every relevant area of positron and positronium chemistry, the peer-reviewed papers being grouped into 6 sections: 1. Fundamental Aspects of Positronium Chemistry, and Symposium on Positronium Molecules; 2. Polymer and Insulator; 3. Surface and Interface, Non-Metallic Solids; 4. Porous Materials and Nanostructures; 5.

Positrons --- Positronium --- Electron-positron pairs --- Positron-electron pairs --- Electrons --- Nuclear reactions --- Positive electrons --- Holes (Electron deficiencies) --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Positronium chemistry --- PPC

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Ephedrine --- Phenylpropanolamine --- Norepinephrine --- Designer Drugs --- Analysis. --- analysis.