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Agriculture --- Food --- Agricultural assistance --- Agricultural education --- Research --- Quality --- 63 --- 63 Agriculture and related sciences and techniques. Forestry. Farming. Wildlife exploitation --- Agriculture and related sciences and techniques. Forestry. Farming. Wildlife exploitation --- Periodicals --- 63 Landbouw, veeteelt en verwante wetenschappen en technieken. Bosbouw. Landbouw. Exploitatie van dieren in het wild. --- Landbouw, veeteelt en verwante wetenschappen en technieken. Bosbouw. Landbouw. Exploitatie van dieren in het wild.

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In recent years the production of wind energy in the Netherlands and the European Union has substantially increased (Global Wind Energy Council, 2017). In 2017, the wind energy production in Europe increased with 16.8 GW to 177.5 GW. In the Netherlands, the amount of wind energy increased with 81 MW in 2017. This increase in wind energy generation raises concerns about the effect of wind farms on climate downwind. This study deals with the effect of wind farms on changes in weather patterns in the Netherlands. To make a climatological overview, we selected seven events in summer and seven eventsin winter. Each event represents a certain gross weather type. This study is performed in WRF, using a very fine resolution of 3 x 3 km. The wind farms modelled in WRF are based on a future scenario in which the wind turbines are equipped by 8 MW turbines. We conclude that the average 10-m wind speed around the wind farms decreases up to 1 m/s, which logically has influence on the expected available wind energy. Side effects on humidity, radiation and temperature are found as well. Humidity decreases in general directly vertically above the wind farms by 0.04 g/kg outside of wind farms areas. In general, less shortwave-in radiation occurs at the wind farms. However, more shortwave-in radiation will be received east of the wind farms, for example in the western part of the Netherlands. The changes in temperature are more variable. However, on average, the temperature in the western part of the Netherlands decreases by 0.1 K in winter and 0.2 K in some individual case runs.

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Horses --- Animal health physiology --- Animal feed --- Horses --- Animal health physiology --- Animal feed

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