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Household surveys --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Poverty --- #abib:dd.prof.B.Minten --- 330.5(597) --- Capital, Social (Economics) --- Economic infrastructure --- Social capital (Economics) --- Social infrastructure --- Social overhead capital --- Economic development --- Human settlements --- Public goods --- Public works --- Capital --- Surveys, Household --- Surveys --- Census --- 330.5(597) Volksvermogen. Gemeenschappelijk produkt--Vietnam --- Volksvermogen. Gemeenschappelijk produkt--Vietnam --- Vietnam --- Betʻŭnam --- Biet Nam --- Bietnam --- Biyetnan --- Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Fītnām --- Fīyatnām --- Fiyitnām --- I︠U︡zhnyĭ Vʹetnam --- National Republic of Vietnam --- Nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Petʻŭnam --- Republica Socialista de Vietnam --- Rèpublica socialista du Viêt Nam --- République socialiste du Vietnam --- RSV --- RSVN --- S.R.V. --- Satsyi︠a︡listychnai︠a︡ Rėspublika V'etnam --- Socialist Republic of Viet Nam --- Socialist Republic of Vietnam --- Sosialistiese Republiek Viëtnam --- Sot︠s︡ialisticheska republika Vietnam --- Sot︠s︡ialisticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Vʹetnam --- SRV --- SRVN --- Vʹet-Nam --- Vʹetnam --- Viet-Nam --- Vijetnam --- Vītnām --- Vīyitnām --- Vjetnamio --- Vyetnam --- Vyetnam Sosialist Respublikası --- Wietnam --- Yüeh-nan --- Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка В'етнам --- Социалистическа република Виетнам --- Виетнам --- В'етнам --- فيتنام --- Vietnam (Democratic Republic) --- Vietnam (Republic) --- Economic conditions --- Regional disparities. --- Social policy --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems
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In the absence of household level data on participation in public programs, spending allocations and poverty measures across regions of Morocco are used to infer incidence across poor and non-poor groups and to decompose incidence within rural and urban areas separately, as well as to decompose improvements in enrollment rates across poor and non-poor children by gender. Programs appear to be well targeted to the rural poor but not to the urban poor. Substantial benefits accrue to the urban non-poor, while benefits largely bypass the urban poor. The analysis also uncovers evidence of impressive progress in primary and secondary school enrollments for the poor, as well as for poor girls since 1994. However, here too, the gains are concentrated on the rural poor. This paper-a product of the Public Services Team, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the incidence and targeting of public expenditures.
Health, Nutrition and Population --- Household Level Data --- Poor --- Poor Children --- Poor Girls --- Population Policies --- Poverty --- Poverty Incidence --- Poverty Incidence Across Regions --- Poverty Map --- Poverty Measures --- Poverty Programs --- Poverty Rates --- Poverty Reduction --- Poverty Reduction Strategies --- Rural --- Rural Development --- Rural Infrastructure --- Rural Infrastructure Problem --- Rural Level --- Rural Poor --- Rural Poverty Reduction --- Rural Roads --- Services and Transfers to Poor --- Social Programs --- Targeting --- Transfers
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Little is known about the situation facing widows and their dependent children in West Africa especially after the widow remarries. Women in Malian society are vulnerable to the loss of husbands especially in rural areas. Households headed by widows have significantly lower living standards on average than male or other female headed households in both rural and urban areas; this holds both unconditionally and conditional on observable household and individual characteristics including age. Furthermore, the adverse welfare effects of widowhood appear to persist even after widows are absorbed into male headed households. An examination of individual measures of well-being further reveals that, relative to other women, worse outcomes for ever-widowed women persist through remarriage. These detrimental effects are passed on to children, indicating an intergenerational transmission of poverty stemming from widowhood.
Anthropology --- Female Headed Households --- Gender --- Gender and Development --- Gender and Law --- Living Standards --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Polygamy --- Population & Development --- Population Policies --- Poverty --- Poverty Reduction --- Vulnerability --- Widows --- Mali --- West Africa
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Little is known about the situation facing widows and their dependent children in West Africa especially after the widow remarries. Women in Malian society are vulnerable to the loss of husbands especially in rural areas. Households headed by widows have significantly lower living standards on average than male or other female headed households in both rural and urban areas; this holds both unconditionally and conditional on observable household and individual characteristics including age. Furthermore, the adverse welfare effects of widowhood appear to persist even after widows are absorbed into male headed households. An examination of individual measures of well-being further reveals that, relative to other women, worse outcomes for ever-widowed women persist through remarriage. These detrimental effects are passed on to children, indicating an intergenerational transmission of poverty stemming from widowhood.
Anthropology --- Female Headed Households --- Gender --- Gender and Development --- Gender and Law --- Living Standards --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Polygamy --- Population & Development --- Population Policies --- Poverty --- Poverty Reduction --- Vulnerability --- Widows --- Mali --- West Africa
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