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The colonization of Spanish America resulted in the mixing of Natives, Europeans, and Africans and the subsequent creation of a casta system that discriminated against them. Members of mixed races could, however, free themselves from such burdensome restrictions through the purchase of a gracias al sacar-a royal exemption that provided the privileges of Whiteness. For more than a century, the whitening gracias al sacar has fascinated historians. Even while the documents remained elusive, scholars continually mentioned the potential to acquire Whiteness as a provocative marker of the historic...

Caribbean Area -- Race relations -- History. --- Race discrimination -- Caribbean Area -- History. --- Race discrimination -- Spain -- Colonies -- History. --- Racially mixed people -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Caribbean Area -- History. --- Racially mixed people -- Spain -- Colonies -- History. --- Racially mixed people --- Race discrimination --- Regions & Countries - Americas --- History & Archaeology --- Latin America --- Bi-racial people --- Biracial people --- Interracial people --- Mixed race people --- Mixed-racial people --- Mulattoes --- Multiracial people --- Peoples of mixed descent --- Ethnic groups --- Miscegenation --- Bias, Racial --- Discrimination, Racial --- Race bias --- Racial bias --- Racial discrimination --- Discrimination --- Colonies --- History --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Caribbean Area --- Spain --- Espagne --- Espainiako Erresuma --- España --- Espanha --- Espanja --- Espanya --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Hiszpania --- Isupania --- Kingdom of Spain --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Reino de España --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Sefarad --- Sepharad --- Shpanie --- Shpanye --- Spanien --- Spanish State --- Supein --- イスパニア --- スペイン --- Caribbean Free Trade Association countries --- Caribbean Region --- Caribbean Sea Region --- West Indies Region --- Race relations --- History. --- Race relations.

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La investigación de Twinam explora las aplicaciones de las “gracias al sacar” a través de las cuales pardos y mulatos podían comprar los privilegios de la blancura. Al examinar las historias inmediatas y de largo plazo que subyacen a estas peticiones, la autora brinda una visión sorprendente de esas formas, singularmente características y profundamente arraigadas en la sociedad de la época, a través de las cuales el mundo hispano negoció procesos de inclusión y exclusión.

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History