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Woody biomass is most widely used for energy production. In the United States, roughly 2% of the energy consumed annually is generated from wood and wood-derived fuels. Woody biomass needs to be preprocessed and pretreated before it is used for energy production. Preprocessing and pretreatments improve the physical, chemical, and rheological properties, making them more suitable for feeding, handling, storage transportation, and conversion. Mechanical preprocessing technologies such as size reduction and densification, help improve particle size distribution and density. Thermal pretreatment can reduce grinding energy and torrefied ground biomass has improved sphericity, particle surface area, and particle size distribution. This book focuses on several specific topics, such as understanding how forest biomass for biofuels impacts greenhouse gas emissions; mechanical preprocessing, such as densification of forest residue biomass, to improve physical properties such as size, shape, and density; the impact of thermal pretreatment temperatures on woody biomass chemical composition, physical properties, and microstructure for thermochemical conversions such as pyrolysis and gasification; the grindability of torrefied pellets; use of wood for gasification and as a filter for tar removal; and understanding the pyrolysis kinetics of biomass using thermogravimetric analyzers.

grindability --- torrefied biomass --- pellet --- energy consumption --- co-firing --- biomass --- gasification --- tar --- syngas cleaning --- dry filter --- pyrolysis --- chemical composition --- micro-structure --- physical properties --- scanning electron microscopy --- wood --- thermal pretreatment --- torrefaction --- timber --- harvest residues --- ethanol --- GHG savings --- Michigan --- variety and rootstock selection --- almond tree --- agricultural practices --- halophytes --- Phoenix dactylifera --- Salicornia bigelovii --- thermogravimetric analysis --- torrefied biomass --- correlation --- ultimate analysis --- solid yield --- heating value --- OLS --- 2-inch top pine residue + switchgrass blends --- pelleting process variables --- pellet quality --- specific energy consumption --- response surface models --- hybrid genetic algorithm --- pelleting --- functional groups --- pellet strength --- combustion efficiency --- forest biomass --- Australia --- biomass energy potential --- emission --- bioenergy

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This monograph discusses the various biomass feedstocks currently available for biofuels production, as well as the mechanical preprocessing technologies that can be effectively used to reduce feedstock variability for biofuels applications. Variability in the properties of biomass—in terms of moisture, particle size distribution, and low-density—results in storage, transportation, handling, and feeding issues. Currently, biorefineries face serious particle bridging issues, uneven discharge, equipment-jamming, and transportation problems. These issues must be solved to ensure smooth operation. Mechanical preprocessing technologies, such as size reduction, densification, and moisture management using drying and dewatering, can help to overcome these issues. Many densification systems exist that will assist in converting low-density biomass to a high-density commodity type feedstock. In six chapters, the author discusses the various biomass feedstocks for biofuels production, the impact of densification process variables—such as temperature, pressure, moisture, etc.—on biomass particle agglomeration, the quality of the densified products, and the overall energy consumption of the process, as well as the various compression models for powders that can be used for biomass particles, agglomeration behavior, and optimization of the densification process using statistical and evolutionary methods. The book also discusses the novel preprocessing and dewatering technologies that can help to reduce pellet production costs. Finally, the book discusses the suitability of these densified products for biochemical and thermochemical conversion pathways, as well as the various international standards (CEN and ISO) they must adhere to. The author has worked on biomass preprocessing at Idaho National Laboratory for the last ten years. He is the principal investigator for the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office-funded “Biomass Size Reduction and Densification” project. He has developed preprocessing technologies to reduce costs and improve quality. He has published many papers and books focused on biomass preprocessing and pretreatments. Biomass process engineers and biorefinery managers can benefit from this book. Students in chemical, mechanical, biological, and environmental engineering can also use the book to understand preprocessing technologies, which greatly assist in improving biomass critical material attributes. The book can also assist policymakers and energy systems planners with the ability to understand biomass properties limitations.

Agriculture. --- Energy systems. --- Waste management. --- Forest products. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Natural resources. --- Energy Systems. --- Waste Management/Waste Technology. --- Wood Science & Technology. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Natural Resources. --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Forest production --- Botany, Economic --- Commercial products --- Raw materials --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Economic aspects --- Biomass chemicals. --- Biomass energy. --- Bio-energy (Biomass energy) --- Bioenergy (Biomass energy) --- Biofuels --- Biological fuels --- Energy, Biomass --- Microbial energy conversion --- Energy conversion --- Fuel --- Energy crops --- Microbial fuel cells --- Refuse as fuel --- Waste products as fuel --- Biomass-based chemicals --- Biomass-derived chemicals --- Biomass feedstocks --- Chemicals --- Biomassa --- Massa (Física) --- Biocarbó --- Biomassa forestal --- Biologia --- Energia de la biomassa --- Bioenergia --- Energia verda --- Energia d'origen vegetal --- Petroli verd --- Combustibles --- Energies renovables --- Biodièsels --- Gasificació de la biomassa --- Biogàs --- Conversió de la biomassa --- Biomass as fuel --- Renewable fuels --- Renewable energy sources

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This monograph discusses the various biomass feedstocks currently available for biofuels production, as well as the mechanical preprocessing technologies that can be effectively used to reduce feedstock variability for biofuels applications. Variability in the properties of biomass—in terms of moisture, particle size distribution, and low-density—results in storage, transportation, handling, and feeding issues. Currently, biorefineries face serious particle bridging issues, uneven discharge, equipment-jamming, and transportation problems. These issues must be solved to ensure smooth operation. Mechanical preprocessing technologies, such as size reduction, densification, and moisture management using drying and dewatering, can help to overcome these issues. Many densification systems exist that will assist in converting low-density biomass to a high-density commodity type feedstock. In six chapters, the author discusses the various biomass feedstocks for biofuels production, the impact of densification process variables—such as temperature, pressure, moisture, etc.—on biomass particle agglomeration, the quality of the densified products, and the overall energy consumption of the process, as well as the various compression models for powders that can be used for biomass particles, agglomeration behavior, and optimization of the densification process using statistical and evolutionary methods. The book also discusses the novel preprocessing and dewatering technologies that can help to reduce pellet production costs. Finally, the book discusses the suitability of these densified products for biochemical and thermochemical conversion pathways, as well as the various international standards (CEN and ISO) they must adhere to. The author has worked on biomass preprocessing at Idaho National Laboratory for the last ten years. He is the principal investigator for the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office-funded “Biomass Size Reduction and Densification” project. He has developed preprocessing technologies to reduce costs and improve quality. He has published many papers and books focused on biomass preprocessing and pretreatments. Biomass process engineers and biorefinery managers can benefit from this book. Students in chemical, mechanical, biological, and environmental engineering can also use the book to understand preprocessing technologies, which greatly assist in improving biomass critical material attributes. The book can also assist policymakers and energy systems planners with the ability to understand biomass properties limitations.

Thermodynamics --- Relation between energy and economics --- Forestry --- Agriculture. Animal husbandry. Hunting. Fishery --- Marketing --- bosbouw --- hernieuwbare energie --- landbouw --- energietechniek --- afvalverwerking --- natuurlijke energiebronnen