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Transport sector policies already contribute to moderating greenhouse gas emissions from road vehicles. They are increasingly designed to contribute to overall societal targets to mitigate climate change. While abatement costs in transport are relatively high, there are plausible arguments in favour of further abatement in this sector. The empirical basis to decide upon combinations of fuel economy standards and fuel taxes, however, remains weak. This Round Table investigates the effectiveness and costs of various mitigation options in road transport, and discusses the distribution of abatement efforts across sectors of the economy.

Greenhouse gas mitigation --- Motor vehicles --- Energy consumption --- Motor fuels --- Government policy --- Cost effectiveness. --- Motors --- Exhaust gas --- Law and legislation --- Fuel consumption --- Standards --- Taxation --- Abatement of greenhouse gas emissions --- Emission reduction, Greenhouse gas --- Emissions reduction, Greenhouse gas --- GHG mitigation --- Greenhouse gas abatement --- Greenhouse gas emission reduction --- Greenhouse gas emissions reduction --- Greenhouse gas reduction --- Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions --- Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions --- Pollution prevention --- Automotive fuels --- Fuel --- Automobiles --- Automotive vehicles --- Transportation, Automotive --- Vehicles --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel efficiency --- Power resources --- Energy conservation --- Misfueling

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Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Transport. Traffic --- Biomass energy. --- Greenhouse gases --- Bioénergie --- Gaz à effet de serre --- Environmental aspects. --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Bioénergie --- Gaz à effet de serre

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Security is critical to transport systems as they are often appealing targets for terrorist attacks. The significant costs of potential damage make effective security policies a key concern for transport decision makers. This Round Table examines the contribution economic analysis can make to improving security in aviation and maritime shipping by identifying methods for quantifying the benefits of security measures and assessing their effectiveness, and examining techniques to allocate resources targeting the highest risks.

Transportation --- Aeronautics, Commercial --- Shipping --- Terrorism --- Transport --- Transports aériens --- Transports maritimes --- Terrorisme --- Safety measures --- Security measures --- Prevention --- Securité --- Mesures --- Sécurité --- Prévention --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Prevention. --- Security measures. --- Transports aériens --- Securité --- Sécurité --- Prévention --- Anti-terrorism --- Antiterrorism --- Counter-terrorism --- Counterterrorism

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Each year around 1.2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured on roads around the world. But crashes are largely preventable and much can be done to reduce the burden of pain they cause and their economic impact. This report takes stock of recent developments and initiatives to meet increasingly ambitious road safety targets, and constitutes a major international review of progress in developing Safe System approaches, now adopted in a small number of countries.

Traffic safety. --- Business. --- Traffic safety --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Automobile driving --- Highway safety --- Road safety --- Traffic accidents --- Safety measures --- Prevention --- Public safety --- Traffic engineering --- Transportation, Automotive --- Automobiles --- Collision avoidance systems

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Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the environment, energy consumption and quality of life, particularly for residents in urban areas. Reducing average speeds on the roads by only 5% will save around 20% of current fatalities. There is good experience available on how to quickly reduce the extent of speeding and thereby reduce current fatalities and injuries. Reduced speeding will also reduce the adverse environmental and social impacts associated with excessive speed, particularly in urban areas. Comprehensive measures are required which are best developed as part of a coordinated speed management policy package. What contributions can be made by infrastructure improvements, speed limits, signing and education, as well as by enforcement? Which are the most cost-effective elements of a speed management policy? What are the prospects for the use of new technologies which encourage drivers to choose appropriate speeds and assist in achieving greater compliance with speed limits? This Report, prepared by a Working Group of the Joint OECD/ECMT Transport Research Centre, addresses the key issues, highlights the improvements in policy and operations needed to reduce the extent of speeding. It outlines a framework for achieving the best possible safety outcomes while protecting the environment and supporting sustainable mobility. The report is compelling reading for all those interested in addressing the major speed-related problems that are widespread in OECD/ECMT member countries and will become increasingly important in developing countries as levels of motorisation increase.

Social Issues/Migration/Health --- Transport --- Traffic safety --- Speed limits --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Management --- Traffic safety. --- Management. --- Automobiles --- Motor vehicles --- Speed enforcement --- Speed regulations --- Automobile driving --- Highway safety --- Road safety --- Traffic accidents --- Law and legislation --- Safety measures --- Prevention --- Traffic regulations --- Speed zoning (Traffic engineering) --- Public safety --- Traffic engineering --- Transportation, Automotive --- Speed --- Collision avoidance systems