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A comprehensive picture of the life and responsibilities of an English medieval shipmaster. Using a rich range of examples drawn from contemporary sources, this book illuminates the evolving relationships between shipowners, shipmasters, crews and merchants. It also brings to life aspects of seamanship and the frequently harsh conditions on board. Despite a background of war, piracy, depopulation, bullion shortages, adverse political decisions, legal uncertainties and deteriorating weather conditions, between the mid-fourteenth and the mid-fifteenth centuries the English merchant shipping industry thrived. New markets were developed, voyages became longer, ships and cargoes increased in size and value, and an interest in ship ownership as an investment spread throughout the community.

Shipping --- Shipping law --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1300-1399 --- Merchant marine --- Maritime law --- Ship captains --- History --- Management --- Mercantile marine --- Marine service --- Captains of ships --- Masters of ships --- Sea captains --- Shipmasters --- Ships --- Ships' captains --- Law, Maritime --- Marine law --- Merchant ships --- Navigation --- Navigation laws --- International law --- Commercial law --- Law of the sea --- Officers --- Law and legislation --- English Merchant Shipping. --- Fifteenth Century. --- Fourteenth Century. --- Maritime Law. --- Medieval Shipmaster. --- Navigation. --- Seamanship. --- Ship Ownership. --- Ship Performance. --- Weather Conditions.

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The officers of arms [kings of arms, heralds and pursuivants] have often been overlooked by scholars of late medieval elite society. Yet as officers of the crown, ducal courts or noble families, they played important parts in a number of areas. They were crucial to foreign and domestic relations, and chivalric culture; and, of course, they were to become the powerbrokers of heraldic symbols and genealogy. However, despite the high levels at which they operated, their roles in these areas remain largely unexplored, with scholarship tending to focus on the science of heraldry rather than the heralds themselves. This collection aims to remedy that neglect. The contributions cover a range of European regions [particularly Florence, Scandinavia, Poland, the German Empire, the Burgundian Low Countries, Brittany, Scotland and England] and discuss the diverse roles and experiences of heralds in the late Middle Ages.

Contributors: JACKSON W. ARMSTRONG, ADRIAN AILES, KATIE STEVENSON, MICHAEL JONES, FRANCK VILTART, HENRI SIMMONEAU, WIM VAN ANROOIJ, BOGDAN WOJCIECH BRZUSTOWICZ, ALEXIA GROSJEAN, LAURA CIRRI

History of civilization --- Genealogy. Heraldy --- anno 500-1499 --- Europe --- Heraldry --- Héraldique --- History --- Histoire --- Héraldique --- Arms, Coats of --- Blazonry --- Coats of arms --- Pedigrees --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Signs and symbols --- Chivalry --- Crests --- Decorations of honor --- Emblems, National --- Genealogy --- Knights and knighthood --- Precedence --- Titles of honor and nobility

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Christian dogmatics --- anno 500-1499 --- Pain --- Suffering --- Theology --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- History --- Affliction --- Masochism --- Aches --- Emotions --- Pleasure --- Senses and sensation --- Symptoms --- Analgesia