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Financial crises --- Southeast Asia --- Economic conditions. --- E-books --- Business cycles

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From a worldwide perspective, it has been recognized that micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in economic development, as they have been the primary sources of job/employment creation and output growth. Even now it is generally believed that sustainable and inclusive economic development in developing regions (i.e. Asia, Africa and Latin America) depends to a large extent on the vibrant private sector, in particular MSMEs. This book is about MSMEs in ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), providing most recent evidence on development and performance of the en

Small business --- Economic development --- Southeast Asia --- Commerce.

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"This a highly relevant and important book in today's business environment, given that it provides evidence on how MSMEs have been severely affected by the on-going Covid-19 crisis, the importance of financial technology, and export performance." -Fachru Nofrian, Department of Economics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia This book focuses on the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia based on various primary and secondary field surveys. In doing so, the book provides a regional comparison of countries in Asia- Pacific, covering issues such as employment generation, formation of gross domestic product (GDP), export development, development constraints, productivity, and investment. To achieve this, the book analyzes the role of partnerships between MSMEs such as large companies, banks and government institutions, and the role of cooperatives. It also includes studies on women's entrepreneurship in Indonesia, and also explores the crisis mitigating measures (CMMs) widely adopted by MSMEs affected by financial crises in the past. Finally, the book also examines the development of financial technology (FinTech), and in particular peer-to-peer (P2P) lending and how this can serve as an alternative source of funding for MSMEs in Indonesia. Aspects of this book would be useful to students, researchers, practitioners, and also those interested in economic-related sustainable development goals (SDGs), given the importance the United Nations (UN) has assigned to MSMEs for taking a lead in employment creation, and poverty eradication. Professor, Tulus T.H. Tambunan is part of the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), at University of Trisakti, Jakarta. He is also the Head of the Center for Industry, SME & Business Competition Studies at the same University, and the initiator and chief editor of the International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability.

Economic order --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Economic conditions. Economic development --- Development aid. Development cooperation --- Firms and enterprises --- ontwikkelingsbeleid --- ontwikkelingssamenwerking --- KMO's (kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen) --- economische ontwikkelingen --- ontwikkelingspolitiek

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Regardless of the size of the domestic economy, there are ample reasons for firms to extend their markets beyond home shores. These include increasing sales, improving profits, diversifying risks, reaping economies of scale, matching the moves of competitors, enhancing competitiveness or accessing government incentives. Both Indonesia and Malaysia seek to enhance the competitiveness of their micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) by including internationalization goals in their respective national development plans for these enterprises. Findings from fourteen case studies in the two countries indicate that exporting may be a serendipitous discovery, as few of these cases were born global in intent. Shifting to intentional exporting will require entrepreneurs to tap into government and/or private networks and thus connect with international buyers. Indonesian MSMEs are more inclined to depend more on government than private networks as they perceive the former to be more credible. Malaysian cases indicate some firms prefer private to government networks. This is attributed to the differences in the political economy of the two countries. Going forward, both countries need to consolidate their government-run programmes and reduce the fiscal burden. MSMEs should tap more into private networks to bridge the information gap that hinders their access to external markets. ASEAN can facilitate the entry of MSMEs into the ASEAN market by implementing resolutely current plans to reduce technical barriers to trade.

Small business --- Export marketing --- Export merketing --- Government policy --- International marketing --- Overseas marketing --- Marketing --- Businesses, Small --- Medium-sized business --- Micro-businesses --- Microbusinesses --- Microenterprises --- Small and medium-sized business --- Small and medium-sized enterprises --- Small businesses --- SMEs (Small business) --- Business --- Business enterprises --- Industries --- Size --- Exports --- International trade