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While studies of San children have attained the peculiar status of having delineated the prototype for hunter-gatherer childhood, relatively few serious ethnographic studies of San children have been conducted since an initial flurry of research in the 1960s and 1970s. Based on the author’s long-term field research among several San groups of Southern Africa, this book reconsiders hunter-gatherer childhood using “play” as a key concept. Playfulness pervades the intricate practices of caregiver-child interactions among the San: immediately after birth, mothers have extremely close contact with their babies. In addition to the mother’s attentions, other people around the babies actively facilitate gymnastic behavior to soothe them. These distinctive caregiving behaviors indicate a loving, indulgent attitude towards infants. This also holds true for several language genres of the San that are used in early vocal communication. Children gradually become involved in various playful activities in groups of children of multiple ages, which is the major locus of their attachment after weaning; these playful activities show important similarities to the household and subsistence activities carried out by adults. Rejuvenating studies of San children and hunter-gatherer childhood and childrearing practices, this book aims to examine these issues in detail, ultimately providing a new perspective for the understanding of human sociality.

Childhood. --- Adolescence. --- Ethnology. --- Linguistic anthropology. --- Community ecology, Biotic. --- Ethnology—Africa. --- Community psychology. --- Environmental psychology. --- Childhood, Adolescence and Society. --- Cultural Anthropology. --- Linguistic Anthropology. --- Community & Population Ecology. --- African Culture. --- Community and Environmental Psychology. --- Cognitive ergonomics --- Ecological psychology --- Ecopsychology --- Ecotherapy --- Environmental quality --- Environmental social sciences --- Human factors science --- Psychoeology --- Psychology --- Psychotherapy --- Ecological Systems Theory --- Psychology, Applied --- Social psychology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Population biology --- Anthropo-linguistics --- Ethnolinguistics --- Language and ethnicity --- Linguistic anthropology --- Linguistics and anthropology --- Anthropology --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Human beings --- Teen-age --- Teenagers --- Puberty --- Childhood --- Kids (Children) --- Pedology (Child study) --- Youngsters --- Age groups --- Families --- Life cycle, Human --- Psychological aspects --- Development --- Sociology. --- Social groups. --- Anthropological linguistics. --- Biotic communities. --- Population biology. --- Culture. --- Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging. --- Sociocultural Anthropology. --- Community and Population Ecology. --- Community Psychology. --- Cultural sociology --- Culture --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Biology --- Association --- Group dynamics --- Groups, Social --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Social participation --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Social aspects

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Alcohol --- Alcoholism --- Alcohol, Ethyl --- Metabolism --- Congresses. --- Physiological effect --- pharmacology --- congresses. --- Congresses

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Developmental psychology --- Psychology --- Social psychology --- Age group sociology --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- General ecology and biosociology --- Physiology: reproduction & development. Ages of life --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Sociolinguistics --- etnologie --- psychologie --- sociale psychologie --- adolescenten --- kinderen --- puberteit --- linguïstiek --- ecologie --- antropologie --- Africa

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This book focuses on mathematical theory and numerical simulation related to various aspects of continuum mechanics, such as fracture mechanics, elasticity, plasticity, pattern dynamics, inverse problems, optimal shape design, material design, and disaster estimation related to earthquakes. Because these problems have become more important in engineering and industry, further development of mathematical study of them is required for future applications. Leading researchers with profound knowledge of mathematical analysis from the fields of applied mathematics, physics, seismology, engineering, and industry provide the contents of this book. They help readers to understand that mathematical theory can be applied not only to different types of industry, but also to a broad range of industrial problems including materials, processes, and products.

Computer mathematics. --- Thin films. --- Classical and Continuum Physics. --- Engineering. --- Physics. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Materials --- Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials. --- Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. --- Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Surfaces. --- Continuum mechanics --- Mechanics of continua --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics) --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Computer science --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Solid Mechanics. --- Mathematics. --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Mathematics --- Mathematical physics. --- Continuum physics. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Classical field theory --- Continuum physics --- Physical mathematics