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The notion of empire is associated with economic and political mechanisms of dominance. For the last decades, however, there has been a lively debate concerning the question whether this concept can be transferred to the field of linguistics, specifically to research on situations of language spread on the one hand and concomitant marginalization of minority languages on the other. The authors who contributed to this volume concur as to the applicability of the notion of empire to language-related issues. They address the processes, potential merits and drawbacks of language spread as well as the marginalization of minority languages, language endangerment and revitalization, contact-induced language change, the emergence of mixed languages, and identity issues. An emphasis is on the dominance of non-Western languages such as Arabic, Chinese, and, particularly, Russian. The studies demonstrate that the emergence, spread and decline of language empires is a promising area of research, particularly from a comparative perspective.

Language and languages --- Language and languages. --- Historical linguistics. --- Comparative linguistics. --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Comparative philology --- Philology, Comparative --- Historical linguistics --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- Political aspects. --- History --- Language and languages Political aspects --- Political aspects --- Cultural Imperialism. --- Language Policy. --- Minority Language.

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Dialectology --- Sociolinguistics --- German language

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On the basis of a world-wide convenience sample of 116 languages, the distribution of zero-marking of spatial relations over the languages of the world is shown to largely escape any genetically, areally and/or typologically based constraints. The main goal of this book is to firmly establish the cross-linguistic occurrence of the zero-marking of spatial relations and to provide a framework for its study in terms of economy and predictability.

Intercultural communication. --- Cross-cultural orientation. --- Space perception. --- Discourse markers. --- Discourse connectives --- Discourse particles --- Pragmatic markers --- Pragmatic particles --- Discourse analysis --- Pragmatics --- Spatial perception --- Perception --- Spatial behavior --- Figure-ground perception --- Geographical perception --- Cross-cultural training --- Orientation, Cross-cultural --- Training, Cross-cultural --- Ethnology --- International education --- Intercultural communication --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Study and teaching --- Anthropological aspects --- Typology. --- Zero-Marking.

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Linguistics