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Socrates and the Socratic Dialogue assembles the most complete range of studies on Socrates and the Socratic dialogue. It focuses on portrayals of Socrates, whether as historical figure or protagonist of ‘Socratic dialogues’, in extant and fragmentary texts from Classical Athens through Late Antiquity. Special attention is paid to the evolving power and texture of the Socratic icon as it adopted old and new uses in philosophy, biography, oratory, and literature. Chapters in this volume focus on Old Comedy, Sophistry, the first-generation Socratics including Plato and Xenophon, Aristotle and Aristoxenus, Epicurus and Stoicism, Cicero and Persius, Plutarch, Apuleius and Maximus, Diogenes Laertius, Libanius, Themistius, Julian, and Proclus.

Dialogue. --- Socrates. --- 08.21 Ancient philosophy. --- Socrates --- In literature. --- Questioning. --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- Dialog --- Drama --- Interrogation --- Socratic method --- Catechetics --- Teaching --- Socrate --- Philosophy, Modern --- Sokrates --- Sokrat, --- Sokrates, --- Suqrāṭ, --- Su-ko-la-ti, --- Sugeladi, --- Sokuratesu, --- Sākreṭīsa, --- Socrate, --- سقراط, --- Σωκράτης,

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In both ancient tradition and modern research Pythagoreanism has been understood as a religious sect or as a philosophical and scientific community. Numerous attempts have been made to reconcile these pictures as well as to analyze them separately. The most recent scholarship compartmentalizes different facets of Pythagorean knowledge, but this offers no context for exploring their origins, development, and interdependence. This collection aims to reverse this trend, addressing connections between the different fields of Pythagorean knowledge, such as eschatology, metempsychosis, metaphysics, epistemology, arithmology and numerology, music, dietetics and medicine as well as politics. In particular, the contributions discuss how the Pythagorean way of life related to more doctrinal aspects of knowledge, such as Pythagorean religion and science. The volume explores the effects of this interdependence between different kinds of knowledge both within the Pythagorean corpus and in its later reception. Chapters cover historical periods from the Archaic Period (6th century BC) to Neoplatonism, Early Christianity, the European and Arabic Middle Ages, and the Renaissance through to the Early Modern Period (17th century AD).

Pythagoras and Pythagorean school --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.). --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Pythagoras and Pythagorean school. --- Pythagoras --- Pythagoras. --- Influence

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Physiognomy and ekphrasis are two of the most important modes of description in antiquity and represent the necessary precursors of scientific description. The primary way of divining the characteristics and fate of an individual, whether inborn or acquired, was to observe the patient's external characteristics and behaviour. This volume focuses initially on two types of descriptive literature in Mesopotamia: physiognomic omens and what we might call ekphrastic description. These modalities are traced through ancient India, Ugaritic and the Hebrew Bible, before arriving at the physiognomic features of famous historical figures such as Themistocles, Socrates or Augustus in the Graeco-Roman world, where physiognomic discussions become intertwined with typological analyses of human characters. The Arabic compendial culture absorbed and remade these different physiognomic and ekphrastic traditions, incorporating both Mesopotamian links between physiognomy and medicine and the interest in characterological 'types' that had emerged in the Hellenistic period.This volume offer the first wide-ranging picture of these modalities of description in antiquity.

Literary studies: classical, early & medieval --- History of science --- Physiognomy Description Ekphrasis --- 750-1258 --- Griechenland --- Indien --- Mesopotamien --- Römisches Reich --- Imperium Romanum --- Reich Rom --- Italien --- Antike --- Römerzeit --- Römer --- v753-500 --- Zweistromland --- Zwischenstromland --- Bharat --- Indische Union --- Altindien --- Hindustan --- Hindostan --- Indie --- Indian Union --- Bhārata Gaṇarājya --- Bhārata --- Republik Indien --- Dominion of India --- India --- Republic of India --- Inde --- Indië --- Bharata --- Indiia --- Indland --- Hindiston Respublikasi --- Satharanarat 'India --- Yin-tu --- Inder --- Britisch-Indien --- Südasien --- 15.08.1947 --- -Griechenland --- Griechen --- Altertum --- Geschichte 753 v. Chr.-500

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Philosophy