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Politics --- Public law. Constitutional law --- History of Europe --- European Union --- Europe

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In gerbils an acquired non-avoidance strategy as pre-experience in a shuttle-box was studied in its influence on the learning of a standard avoidance paradigm. Thereby the same cue stimuli, frequency modulated tones (CS) and electric footshocks (US) were used in different behavioral paradigms. In the preexperience sessions the interstimulus interval between CS and US and on the other hand the escapability or inescapability of the US was varied. It was found that the experience with a relatively long interstimulus interval led to a prolonged maintenance of an acquire;cl escape strategy during subsequent standard avoidance learning. This effect increased with the preexperience of an inescapable US. additional insights into the temporal inhibition of avoidance learning by the pre-experience were provided by behavioral events like attention responses and orienting responses reflecting components of information processing. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Attention response. --- Attention. --- Avoidance learning. --- Avoidance. --- Cs. --- Escape. --- Events. --- Experience. --- Frequency. --- Gerbil. --- Gerbils. --- Inhibition. --- Interstimulus interval. --- Ireland. --- Irrelevance. --- Learning. --- Maintenance. --- Orienting response. --- Pre-experience. --- Preexposure. --- Response. --- Responses. --- Shuttle-box. --- Stimuli. --- Stimulus. --- Strategies. --- Strategy. --- Us.

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Analyse par activation --- Nuclear activation analysis.

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