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The discovery of vitamins in the early 1900s, their later chemical characterization and the clarification of pivotal metabolic functions are sequential aspects of a brilliant chapter in the history of modern nutritional sciences and medicine. The name, derived from “vital-amines”, indicates their elementary metabolic key functions in human metabolism. Vitamins are truly families of compounds, which include precursors and various free and bound forms, all with individual roles in metabolism and function. A more recent approach therefore searches for the components, the understanding of their roles in physiology and pathology as well as looking for novel pharmacological applications. When used properly, vitamins are, indeed, “magical” substances. Due to their efficacy, they should therefore be regarded as drugs with effects and side effects to be weighted against each other. Today, it is not the previously fatal deficiency-associated diseases that are in the focus of interest, but rather the relation of suboptimal vitamin bioavailability to chronic disease. This is complicated by genetic susceptibility, lifestyle, and the presence or absence of health-compromising habits, such as smoking. In turn, the development and application of new and more sensitive and specific assays further enable us to look more closely into the many functions of vitamins. Water soluble vitamins are complex molecular structures and even today, many areas in vitamin biochemistry are not yet fully understood. Novel effects and functions of vitamins remain and continue to be discovered. This book presents most recent research results and fascinating new knowledge on the role and effects of the water soluble vitamins in man. Some of the most distinguished chemists, biochemists, biologists and clinicians have contributed valuable chapters sharing unexpected novel insights into the biochemistry, (epi)genetics, metabolism, and function of water soluble vitamins, with their potential for clinical applications. Thus, physicians, clinicians, scientists, researchers, epidemiologists. nutritional specialists and health professionals alike will find stimulating and fascinating new insight in the many roles that water soluble vitamins play in human health and disease.

Vitamins -- metabolism. --- Vitamins -- pharmacology. --- Vitamins, Water-soluble. --- Wasserlo ̈sliches Vitamin. --- Vitamins, Water-soluble --- Micronutrients --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Phenomena and Processes --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Food --- Growth Substances --- Physiological Effects of Drugs --- Food and Beverages --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Metabolism --- Vitamins --- Pharmacology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Vitamins. --- Water-soluble vitamins --- Medicine. --- Human physiology. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Oxidative stress. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Oxidative Stress. --- Human Physiology. --- Nutrition --- Avitaminosis --- Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Human body --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Composition --- Biomedicine, general. --- Health Workforce --- Oxidation-reduction reaction --- Stress (Physiology) --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Medicine --- Clinical biochemistry. --- Stress (Physiology). --- Biomedical Research. --- Cellular Stress. --- Research. --- Physiological stress --- Tension (Physiology) --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Biological research --- Biomedical research

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The discovery of vitamins in the early 1900s, their later chemical characterization and the clarification of pivotal metabolic functions are sequential aspects of a brilliant chapter in the history of modern nutritional sciences and medicine. The name, derived from vital-amines , indicates their elementary metabolic key functions in human metabolism. Vitamins are truly families of compounds, which include precursors and various free and bound forms, all with individual roles in metabolism and function. A more recent approach therefore searches for the components, the understanding of their roles in physiology and pathology as well as looking for novel pharmacological applications. When used properly, vitamins are, indeed, magical  substances. Due to their efficacy, they should therefore be regarded as drugs with effects and side effects to be weighted against each other. Today, it is not the previously fatal deficiency-associated diseases that are in the focus of interest, but rather the relation of suboptimal vitamin bioavailability to chronic disease. This is complicated by genetic susceptibility, lifestyle, and the presence or absence of health-compromising habits, such as smoking. In turn, the development and application of new and more sensitive and specific assays further enable us to look more closely into the many functions of vitamins. Water soluble vitamins are complex molecular structures and even today, many areas in vitamin biochemistry are not yet fully understood. Novel effects and functions of vitamins remain and continue to be discovered. This book presents most recent research results and fascinating new knowledge on the role and effects of the water soluble vitamins in man. Some of the most distinguished chemists, biochemists, biologists and clinicians have contributed valuable chapters sharing unexpected novel insights into the biochemistry, (epi)genetics, metabolism, and function of water soluble vitamins, with their potential for clinical applications. Thus, physicians, clinicians, scientists, researchers, epidemiologists. nutritional specialists and health professionals alike will find stimulating and fascinating new insight in the many roles that water soluble vitamins play in human health and disease.

Human biochemistry --- Immunology. Immunopathology --- Human physiology --- Pathological biochemistry --- anti-oxidantia --- vrije radicalen --- klinische chemie --- medische biochemie --- biochemie --- fysiologie --- immunochemie --- enzymen

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This book follows the concept of perceiving the entire aorta as one functional organ assuming that all individual pathologies and local interventional procedures affect the up- and downstream segments with consequences for complications and disease progression. Thus any preventive or surgical strategy must recognize the aortic disease in its entirety. The book intends to cover the full spectrum of aortic pathologies, mechanisms and functional interplay. The latest available diagnostic tools and options for surgical treatment are presented by the foremost experts in their field in state-of-the-art reviews. The reader is provided with the most current and comprehensive insight into all fundamental and clinical aspects of aortic disease. All chapters are carefully complemented with figures and illustrations.

Aorta --- Surgery. --- Diseases. --- Heart --- Thoracic surgery. --- Vascular Surgery. --- Radiology, Medical. --- Cardiology. --- Pathology. --- Cardiac Surgery. --- Thoracic Surgery. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Medicine, Preventive --- Internal medicine --- Clinical radiology --- Radiology, Medical --- Radiology (Medicine) --- Medical physics --- Vascular surgery --- Thoracic surgery --- Thoracic surgeons --- Cardiac surgery --- Open-heart surgery --- Surgery --- Cardiac surgery. --- Vascular surgery. --- Radiology. --- Radiological physics --- Physics --- Radiation --- Blood-vessels --- Surgery, Primitive