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Maritime spaces are socially constructed by humans and refer to seas and islands, coasts, port cities and villages, as well as ships and other human-made marine structures. Social interaction with marine environments and living beings, e.g. in a symbolic, cultural or economic manner, has led to the emergence of spatial structures which affect the knowledge, beliefs, meanings and obstinately patterns. Those structures shape mutual expectations of human beings and form the perception, imagination, or memory of inhabitants of maritime spaces. They enable or restrict human action, construct people's everyday life, their norms and values, and are changeable. Contributors include: Jan Asmussen, Robert Bartłomiejski, Benjamin Bowles, Isabel Duarte, Eduardo Sarmento Ferreira, Rita Grácio, Marie C. Grasmeier, Karolina Izdebska, Seung Kuk Kim, Agnieszka Kołodziej-Durnaś, Arkadiusz Kołodziej, Maciej Kowalewski, Urszula Kozłowska, Ulrike Kronfeld-Goharani, Rute Muchacho, Giacomo Orsini, Włodzimierz Karol Pessel, Célia Quico, Harini Sivalingam, Joana Sousa, Frank Sowa, Nuno Cintra Torres, and Günter Warsewa.

Applied Social Sciences --- Comparative Social Sciences --- Global Studies --- Sociology & Anthropology

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How has New Public Management influenced social policy reform in different developed welfare states? New managerialism is conceptualized as a paradigm, which not only shapes the decision-making process in bureaucratic organizations but also affects the practice of individuals (citizens) Public administrations have been expected to transform from traditional bureaucratic organizations into modern managerial service providers by adopting a business model that requires the efficient and effective use of resources. The introduction of managerial practices, controlling and accounting systems, management by objectives, computerization, service orientation, increased outsourcing, competitive structures and decentralized responsibility are typical of efforts to increase efficiency. These developments have been accompanied by the abolition of civil service systems and fewer secure jobs in public administrations. This book provides a sociological understanding of how public administrations deal with this transformation, how people’s role as public servants is affected, and what kind of strategies emerge either to meet these new organizational requirements or to circumvent them. It shows how hybrid arrangements of public services are created between the public and the private sphere that lead to conflicts of interest between private strategies and public tasks as well as to increasingly homogeneous social welfare provision across Europe.

Public administration --- Public-private sector cooperation --- Welfare state --- Management. --- Europe --- Social policy.

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Die »Gestaltung von Gesellschaft« wird zunehmend zum Anspruch unterschiedlicher Designausrichtungen wie zum Beispiel Social Design oder Public Interest Design. Damit verbunden ist die Vorstellung eines positiven Beitrags zu den gegenwärtigen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit. Hieraus ergeben sich vielfältige Überschneidungen mit anderen Disziplinen, zum Beispiel der Sozialen Arbeit, die sich ebenfalls im »Feld des Sozialen« verorten und darauf abzielen, soziales Miteinander zu beobachten, zu initiieren und zu begleiten. Mit der Überzeugung, voneinander lernen zu können, beleuchten die Beiträge des Bandes die Bedingungen, Formen und potenziellen Folgen einer kollaborativen Gesellschaftsgestaltung.

DESIGN / History & Criticism. --- Design. --- Shaping. --- Social Work. --- Society.