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This book explores the political implications of the human tendency to prioritize negative information over positive information. Drawing on literatures in political science, psychology, economics, communications, biology, and physiology, this book argues that 'negativity biases' should be evident across a wide range of political behaviors. These biases are then demonstrated through a diverse and cross-disciplinary set of analyses, for instance: in citizens' ratings of presidents and prime ministers; in aggregate-level reactions to economic news, across 17 countries; in the relationship between covers and newsmagazine sales; and in individuals' physiological reactions to network news content. The pervasiveness of negativity biases extends, this book suggests, to the functioning of political institutions - institutions that have been designed to prioritize negative information in the same way as the human brain.

Political culture --- Political participation --- Political psychology --- Political sociology. --- #SBIB:324H20 --- #SBIB:324H30 --- Mass political behavior --- Political behavior --- Political science --- Sociology --- Politics, Practical --- Psychology, Political --- Psychology --- Social psychology --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Culture --- Politologie: theorieën (democratie, comparatieve studieën….) --- Politieke cultuur --- Sociological aspects --- Psychological aspects --- Political sociology --- Political culture. --- Political participation. --- Political psychology.

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This book develops and tests a 'thermostatic' model of public opinion and policy. The representation of opinion in policy is central to democratic theory and everyday politics. So too is the extent to which public preferences are informed and responsive to changes in policy. The coexistence of both 'public responsiveness' and 'policy representation' is thus a defining characteristic of successful democratic governance, and the subject of this book. The authors examine both responsiveness and representation across a range of policy domains in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The story that emerges is one in which representative democratic government functions surprisingly well, though there are important differences in the details. Variations in public responsiveness and policy representation responsiveness are found to reflect the 'salience' of the different domains and governing institutions - specifically, presidentialism (versus parliamentarism) and federalism (versus unitary government).

Political systems --- Political sociology --- Political planning --- Policy sciences --- Public opinion --- Representative government and representation --- Political planning. --- Policy sciences. --- Public opinion. --- Representative government and representation. --- Parliamentary government --- Political representation --- Representation --- Self-government --- Constitutional history --- Constitutional law --- Political science --- Democracy --- Elections --- Republics --- Suffrage --- Opinion, Public --- Perception, Public --- Popular opinion --- Public perception --- Public perceptions --- Judgment --- Social psychology --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Focus groups --- Reputation --- Policy-making --- Policymaking --- Public policy management --- Planning in politics --- Public policy --- Planning --- Politics, Practical --- Public administration --- Social Sciences --- Political Science

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Around the world, there are increasing concerns about the accuracy of media coverage. It is vital in representative democracies that citizens have access to reliable information about what is happening in government policy, so that they can form meaningful preferences and hold politicians accountable. Yet much research and conventional wisdom questions whether the necessary information is available, consumed, and understood. This study is the first large-scale empirical investigation into the frequency and reliability of media coverage in five policy domains, and it provides tools that can be exported to other areas, in the US and elsewhere. Examining decades of government spending, media coverage, and public opinion in the US, this book assesses the accuracy of media coverage, and measures its direct impact on citizens' preferences for policy. This innovative study has far-reaching implications for those studying and teaching politics as well as for reporters and citizens

Political sociology --- Mass communications --- Mass media --- Press and politics. --- Mass media and public opinion. --- Representative government and representation. --- Democracy. --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / American Government / General --- Political aspects.