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Since 1894, the Olympic Games have growth increasingly, until becoming, nowadays, the biggest mega-events on the world. They were even the most watched event during the opening ceremony of Beijing 2012, exceeding the first man stepped on the Moon. Cities from all around the world compete to stage this prestige event on their territory, as well as all the athletes who try to participate to it.
The purpose of this thesis is to understand the different reasons and the issues, which compel a city to stage the Olympics. This study follows a qualitative and systematic research approach: wandering all the steps of staging until the long-run spinoffs, allowing to understand the organization in its entirety, highlight the different problems and identify strong points during the different steps of enactment.
The findings of our enquiry lead us on a controversial talk, bringing to the fore, the Olympics effects on a twofold aim: the economic benefits and the social impact, which are not necessary going together, most of all in the developing countries, such as Brazil. This lead us to ask ourselves the question, do the Olympics Games really incur such massive investment to be stage? And what about the threats and opportunities for the developing countries?

OLYMPIC GAMES, MEGA-EVENTS, SPORT, SOCIAL IMPACT, ECONOMIC SPINOFFS, URBANISATION, CITY DEVELOPMENT, RIO 2016. --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Economie sociale

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Ethnographie du projet d'Auroville, dans le sud de l'Inde. Auroville est un projet particulier et singulier désirant expérimenter l'unité humaine. Ce travail étudie le fonctionnement du projet au regard du concept de "transition".

Sustainable development, transition, Auroville --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Sociologie & sciences sociales

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The way Westerners consume doesn’t match with sustainability. Alternative initiatives such as second-hand goods, access-based services or collaborative platforms have been taken, which challenges traditional business models. While 62% of cars are bought secondhand, only 9% of a wardrobe of a French person is set of second-hand clothes. In a first time, this work attempts to clarify the barriers to second-hand clothing consumption based on an extended literature review. In a second time, the quantitative analysis enables us to classify those barriers and provide some practical recommandations to marketing managers in order to encourage this alternative mode of consumption.

Freins --- achat --- Vêtements --- seconde main --- occasion --- secondhand --- barrier --- alternative consumption --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing

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Over the past few years, scandals involving unethical business behaviors have raised awareness about environmental and social issues. Society has therefore high expectations in terms of social, economic and environmental performances of businesses. In response to this pressure, business leaders have realized the importance of being responsible. This has led to the adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Some authors argue that companies adopt CSR practices in order to improve their reputation. 

This demonstrates that companies respond to outside pressures and events. Therefore, it seems relevant to analyse if a disruption in the external context has an impact on the way CSR is implemented in companies. In this master thesis, we will analyse the impact of the financial crisis of 2008 and the Luxleaks’ scandal on CSR practices in the Luxembourg financial sector. 

After introducing concepts of CSR and reputation, this master thesis analyses the impact of an external disruption on the businesses CSR practices. The aim is firstly to review the theoretical framework defining the relations between CSR practices (with a focus on the firms’ reputation) and the external environment and secondly to perform an empirical study covering if and how the financial crisis and the Luxleaks scandal have influenced the way some key financial actors have implemented or further developed their CSR practices in Luxembourg.

Corporate Social Responsibility --- CSR --- Reputation --- Financial Sector --- Luxembourg --- Financial crisis --- Luxleaks --- Responsabilité Sociétale des Entreprises --- RSE --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres

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This work mapped the current situation of the social and solidarity economy and the societal impact of companies in Luxembourg. Based on the secondary research, the historical devel-opment of the sector got described and the principal components of this economy is ex-plained. Adding theoretical approaches from the International Comparative Social Enterprise Models (ICSEM) helped to see the sectors from another point of view and identify opportunities to implement in the Luxembourgish law. Furthermore, an attempt to map the Luxemburgish social businesses on the triangle of the international typology gives space to see them in another angle and understand their motivations. All these informations gathered together to identify various opportunities and limitations of the sector, such as completing the law of the 12th December 2016, promoting academic research and communicating as a group. These suggestions aim to promote the SSE with coherent strategy in order to reach its critical mass. Following, this research thesis might yield into research on the key performance indicators of the societal impact companies, comparative transborder research (cluster of the greater region) and the societal impact companies as they exist in Luxembourg.

societal impact companies, social and solidarity economy, mapping, international typology, social cooperative, social business, non-profit association, ULESS, SIS, SSE, Luxembourg --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Systèmes économiques & économie publique