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Martyrdom is a phenomenon common to many of the world's religious traditions. But why? In this study, John Soboslai offers insights into the practices of self-sacrifice within specific sociopolitical contexts. Providing a new understanding of martyrdom through the lens of political theology, he analyzes discourses and performances in four religious traditions during social and political crises, beginning with second-century Christianity in Asia Minor, where the term 'martyr' first took its meaning. He also analyzes Shi'a Islam in the 1980s, when 'suicide bombing' first appeared as a strategy in West Asia; global Sikhism during World War I, where martyrs stood for and against the British Raj; and twenty-first-century Tibetan Buddhism, where self-immolators used their bodies in opposition to the programs of the People's Republic of China. Presenting a new theory of martyrdom linked to constructions of sovereign authority, Soboslai reveals common features of self-sacrifice and demonstrates how bodily performances buttress conceptions of authority.

Martyrdom. --- Martyrdom --- History.

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How is religion changing in the twenty-first century? In the global era, religion has leapt onto the world stage, often in contradictory ways. Some religious activists are antagonistic and engage in protests, violent acts, and political challenges. Others are positive and help to shape an emerging transnational civil society. In addition, a new global religion may be in the making, providing a moral and spiritual basis for a worldwide community of concern about environmental issues, human rights, and international peace. God in the Tumult of the Global Square explores all of these directions, based on a five-year Luce Foundation project that involved religious leaders, scholars, and public figures in workshops held in Cairo, Moscow, Delhi, Shanghai, Buenos Aires, and Santa Barbara. In this book, the voices of these religious observers around the world express both the hopes and fears about new forms of religion in the global age.

Religion and civil society. --- Religion and sociology. --- Religion and politics. --- Globalization --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Politics and religion --- Religion --- Religions --- Religion and society --- Religious sociology --- Society and religion --- Sociology, Religious --- Sociology and religion --- Sociology of religion --- Sociology --- Civil society and religion --- Civil society --- Religious aspects. --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- Religion and civil society --- Religion and sociology --- Religion and politics --- 316.2 --- 316.2 Sociologische richtingen. Sociologische scholen. Sociologen --- Sociologische richtingen. Sociologische scholen. Sociologen --- Religious studies --- accountability. --- brotherhood. --- comparative politics. --- conflict. --- cultural imperialism. --- environmental concerns. --- global citizenship. --- global era. --- global religion. --- globalization. --- hardship. --- human rights. --- international peace. --- luce foundation. --- morality. --- political. --- power of god. --- power struggle. --- religion in the 21st century. --- religion. --- religious activists. --- religious differences. --- religious leaders. --- religious protest. --- religious scholars. --- religious studies. --- security. --- spiritual. --- transnational civil society. --- violence. --- worldwide community.