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In the greater part of these discourses I have adopted the ordinary mode of division. In that on Death, however, I have followed the idea of the celebrated Archbishop of Cambray in his dialogues on eloquence, in which he recommends to a preacher to take some single truth, some simple principle of religion, as the subject of discourse; and, in the illustration, to observe a real but concealed order, not laid down in distinct propositions, nor marked by numerical characters. Some readers would have been better pleased with profound theological discussions, and with more copious arguments and illustrations drawn from the sacred scriptures. I have chosen, however, to adapt myself to a much larger class who can hardly be induced to read writings of the kind I have just mentioned; and I have endeavored to gain an access to their hearts for the solid and substantial truths of religion by displaying them in a manner that, if it does not gratify, will, at least, not offend their taste. Readers of every class will find in them many remarks drawn from the philosophy of human nature, mingled along with the illustrations of divine truth. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).
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"No doubt can exist in the mind of a judicious Christian, but that the Sacred Scriptures comprise the most complete development of the entire system of our holy religion. But the extent and variety of information which they embrace, the loose and narrative style in which a great portion of them is written, and the picturesque and poetic imagery in which others are clothed, have presented an occasion both to ingenious and to feeble minded men, to build upon them a multitude of contending opinions, each supported by detached expressions collected from these divine oracles, or by interpretations, either plausible or forced, imposed upon their language. Divines, in order to correct or restrain this ambiguous diversity of sentiment, have endeavoured to reduce the whole of the doctrines of the sacred writings to certain definite principles, arranged in scientific order, so as mutually to illustrate and support one another. This would have been a scheme sufficiently rational, if system writers had confined their object to digesting the diffusive and expanded phraseology of the scriptures into a few simple and connected propositions, intended to present the substance of the whole to the mind, under one view. But their design has become so mingled with the discordant theories of different writers, that their extended discussions on each topic, have often destroyed the simplicity of the gospel, and led their readers, as well as disposed the writers themselves, to substitute human reason for the word of God. Instead of presenting a brief analysis of the doctrines contained in the Bible, they have too frequently attempted to make their respective explanations of the system of divine truth an entire library of theological science: It has occurred to the author that it would be desirable to students in that sphere of knowledge, to have its principal subjects distinctly pointed out, and clearly illustrated, in a short compass, in order to direct their future inquiries, and so to guard their future addresses from the pulpit, from blending discordant opinions; that they should, in no point, err against the general system of evangelic truth. He further hoped that such a compendious view might usefully aid the private Christian, in examining the sacred scriptures, and pursuing throughout the whole, the connected thread of Christian doctrine. It is his earnest prayer that the following pages may contribute in any degree to elucidate the doctrines of the holy scriptures, not to the learned only, but to the humblest Christian, for which, being freed, as much as possible, from all metaphysical discussion, he hopes they will be found to be usefully adapted"--Book. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved).
Theology, Doctrinal. --- Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A --- Doctrines.
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"Although the following essay may seem, at first view, to propose nothing to itself but to amuse the public with a philosophical speculation; yet as its object is to establish the unity of the human species, by tracing its varieties to their natural causes, it has an obvious and intimate relation with religion, by bringing in science to confirm the verity of the Mosaic history. It has lately become a kind of cant with certain superficial smatterers in physical science to speak of revealed religion, and of the spirit of piety as being hostile to profound researches into nature, lest they should be found to contradict the dogmas of revelation. We see these men, likewise, with equal ignorance and vanity, contemptuously insinuate that the friends of piety are always ready to rest their opinions, not on well ascertained facts, but on the supposed authority of Heaven, to save them the pains, and the hazard of enquiries so dangerous to contented superstition. These self-dubbed naturalists, vain of their own faint shadow of knowledge, because they know so little, seem to have forgotten the existence of such men as Newton, or Boyle, Bacon or Mede, and a thousand others, equally distinguished for the depth of their enquiries into the mysteries of nature, and for their sublime and fervent piety towards its Author. Genuine philosophy has ever been found the friend of true religion. They are only spurious pretences to science which have wantonly arrayed themselves against the holy scriptures. In a question of that nature which is discussed in the following essay, I would be far from introducing the authority of religion to silence enquiry, and equally far would I be from making it a substitute for proof. I appeal to the evidence of facts, and to conclusions resulting from these facts which I trust every genuine disciple of nature will acknowledge to be legitimately drawn from her own fountain. From Natural Science, which has been cultivated with more than common ardor and success in the present age, she now forms her chief attacks against the doctrines, and the history of religion. And on this quarter she has pressed them with the greatest zeal. While others, therefore, are successfully defending the interior fortresses of religion, and extending her practical sway over the hearts of men, I thought that I might render a valuable service to the cause, by cooperating, in some degree, with those who are defending her outworks, and carrying their attacks into the enemy's camp".
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