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In this follow up to I Was Wrong: The Meanings of Apologies, Nick Smith expands his ambitious theories of categorical apologies to civil and criminal law. After rejecting court-ordered apologies as unjustifiable humiliation, this book explains that penitentiaries were originally designed to bring about penance - something like apology - and that this tradition has been lost in the assembly line of mass incarceration. Smith argues that the state should modernize these principles and techniques to reduce punishments for offenders who demonstrate moral transformation through apologizing. Smith also explains the counterintuitive situation whereby apologies come to have considerable financial worth in civil cases because victims associate them with priceless matters of the soul. Such confusions allow powerful wrongdoers to manipulate perceptions to disastrous effect, such as when corporations or governments assert that apologies do not equate to accepting blame or require reform or redress.

Law --- Apologizing. --- Remorse. --- Punishment. --- Penalties (Criminal law) --- Penology --- Corrections --- Impunity --- Retribution --- Jurisprudence --- Juridical psychology --- Juristic psychology --- Legal psychology --- Psychology, Juridical --- Psychology, Juristic --- Psychology, Legal --- Psychology, Applied --- Therapeutic jurisprudence --- Remorsefulness --- Reproach of self --- Self-reproach --- Emotions --- Apology (Psychology) --- Social interaction --- Psychological aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Psychology

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Evaluation --- Assessment --- Research --- Evaluation.

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Evaluation research (Social action programs) --- Evaluation --- Recherche évaluative (Programmes d'action sociale)

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Study methods --- Higher education --- Environmental planning --- urban planning --- rural planning --- studiemethoden

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"How China's expansive new era of urbanization threatens to undermine the foundations of rural life. Centered on the mountainous region of Chongqing, which serves as an experimental site for the country's new urban development policies, The End of the Village analyzes the radical expansion of urbanization and its consequences for China's villagers. Offering an unprecedented look at the country's contentious shift in urban planning and policy, Nick R. Smith exposes the precarious future of rural life in China and suggests a critical reappraisal of how we think about urbanization."--

Urbanization --- Rural development --- Rural-urban relations --- Urban policy --- China --- Rural conditions.