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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) is the most important pulse crop in the world. It is an important source of calories, proteins, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins for millions of people in both developing and developed countries worldwide. It complements cereals and other carbohydrate-rich foods in providing near-perfect nutrition to people of all ages. Moreover, a regular intake ofbeans helps lower cholesterol and cancer risks. Despite the fact that per capita consumption of common bean in some developed countries (e. g. , the U. S. A. ) has been increasing over the last several years, in general, the average global per capita consumption is declining because production is unable to keep up with the population growth. Moreover, increasing demand for pesticide-free food products, concern for natural resources conservation, and the need to reduce production costs offer daunting challenges to the twenty-first century policy makers, bean growers, and researchers alike. High yielding, high quality bean cultivars that require less water, fertilizers, pesticides, and manual labor combined with integrated management of abiotic and biotic stresses will have to be developed. Eminent bean researchers were invited to contemplate these issues, prepare a state-of-the-art account on most relevant topics, and offer their insight into research directions into the twenty-first century. Four excellent books have been published covering various aspects ofthe common bean since 1980. These books are: I) Bean Production Problems nd in the Tropics (l SI ed. 1980, 2 ed. 1989), H. F. Schwartz & M. A.

Phaseolus --- Génétique des populations --- population genetics --- Sélection --- Selection --- Transformation génétique --- genetic transformation --- Méthode d'amélioration génétique --- breeding methods --- Common bean --- Breeding. --- Genetic engineering. --- LEG Leguminosae --- Leguminosae --- Phaseolus vulgaris --- genetic diversity --- genetic improvement --- integrated control --- Selection. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Human genetics. --- Plant pathology. --- Agriculture. --- Plant Sciences. --- Human Genetics. --- Plant Pathology. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Botany --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Crops --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Plants --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Floristic botany --- Bean, Common --- French bean --- Haricot bean --- Beans

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Polyurethane foams are used in many applications including household and commercial refrigerators and freezers, building insulation and roofing, doors, cushioning, packaging, sprays and marine flotation, etc. The polyurethane foam industry was radically shaken up by the discovery, in the mid 1980's, that certain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used as blowing agents can damage the environment. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) were developed as replacements, but they are now scheduled to be phased out as they also have ozone depleting potential. Global agreements have been introduced such as the Mont

Plastic foams. --- Manufacturing processes. --- Industrial processing --- Manufacture --- Process engineering (Manufactures) --- Processes, Manufacturing --- Processing, Industrial --- Production processes --- Industrial arts --- Production engineering --- Machine-tools --- Materials --- Cellular plastics --- Plastics, Cellular --- Foam --- Foamed materials --- Plastics --- Plastics in packaging