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Analytical chemistry --- Soil pollution. Soil purification --- Pedology --- bodemkunde --- verontreiniging --- bodembescherming --- analytische chemie
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The present work is a fine contribution to the broad field of environmental security in the context of risk assessment and management of obsolete pesticides for the region of Southeast Europe. The purpose of this book is to evaluate the existing knowledge of improper disposal of obsolete pesticides in the region, to estimate the associated impact on environmental health, and to develop recommendations to mitigate or eliminate threats posed to the environment, biodiversity and human life. The issues discussed in the book include: reviews of the transport and fate of pesticides and associated contaminated materials in different environmental media and identification of the principal sources, emission routes and patterns of environmental pollution with pesticides; a recognition of the most suitable methods for environmental sampling analysis and sample preparation; an evaluation of the current methods and techniques for chemical and mass analysis of environmental and biological samples and discussion of the metrological and quality aspects of trace analyses; a characterization of the environmental and human health impacts of pesticide pollution, the health effects associated with acute and chronic exposure and the use of epidemiological data for risk assessment; a revision of the existing chemical safety regulations and strategies for protection and management of obsolete pesticide stocks; a survey of the international conventions, directives and standards concerning pesticide use.
Environmental sciences. --- Toxicology. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Public health. --- Environmental toxicology. --- Environment. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Public Health. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental Sciences --- Chemicals --- Environmental science --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Community health --- Health services --- Hygiene, Public --- Hygiene, Social --- Public health services --- Public hygiene --- Sanitary affairs --- Social hygiene --- Analytic biochemistry --- Toxicology --- Pharmacology. --- Analytical chemistry. --- Pesticides --- Environmental aspects. --- Pesticide pollution --- Pesticide residues --- Pesticides and the environment --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Environmental health --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Chemistry --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Health --- Human services --- Biosecurity --- Health literacy --- Medicine, Preventive --- National health services --- Sanitation --- Physiological effect
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The book contains the contributions at the NATO Study Institute on Exposure and Risk Assessment of Chemical Pollution - Contemporary Methodology, which took place in Sofia - Borovetz, Bulgaria, July 1-10, 2008. Rapid advances in mathematics, computer science and molecular biology and chemistry have lead to the development in of a new branch of toxicology called Computational Toxicology. This emerging field is addressing the estimation and prediction of exposure risk and effects of chemicals based on experimental data, measured concentration and biological mechanisms and computational models of biological systems. Mathematical models are also being used to predict the fate and transport of substances in the environment. Because this area is still in its infancy, there has been limited application from governmental agencies to regulating controllable processes, such as registration of new chemicals, determination of estimated exposure and risk based limits and maximum acceptable concentrations in different compartments of the environment - ambient air, waters, soil and food products. However, this is soon to change as the ability to collect, analyze and interpret the required information is becoming increasingly more efficient and cost effective. Full implementation of the new processes have to involve education on both part of the experimentalists who are generating the data and the models, and the risk assessors who will use them to better protect human health and the environment.
Analytical chemistry --- Soil pollution. Soil purification --- Pedology --- bodemkunde --- verontreiniging --- bodembescherming --- analytische chemie
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Analytical chemistry --- General ecology and biosociology --- Toxicology --- Social medicine --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- zware metalen --- ecotoxicologie --- milieuchemie --- analytische chemie --- farmacologie --- milieuhygiëne --- toxicologie --- milieuzorg --- vervuiling
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The present work is a fine contribution to the broad field of environmental security in the context of risk assessment and management of obsolete pesticides for the region of Southeast Europe. The purpose of this book is to evaluate the existing knowledge of improper disposal of obsolete pesticides in the region, to estimate the associated impact on environmental health, and to develop recommendations to mitigate or eliminate threats posed to the environment, biodiversity and human life. The issues discussed in the book include: reviews of the transport and fate of pesticides and associated contaminated materials in different environmental media and identification of the principal sources, emission routes and patterns of environmental pollution with pesticides; a recognition of the most suitable methods for environmental sampling analysis and sample preparation; an evaluation of the current methods and techniques for chemical and mass analysis of environmental and biological samples and discussion of the metrological and quality aspects of trace analyses; a characterization of the environmental and human health impacts of pesticide pollution, the health effects associated with acute and chronic exposure and the use of epidemiological data for risk assessment; a revision of the existing chemical safety regulations and strategies for protection and management of obsolete pesticide stocks; a survey of the international conventions, directives and standards concerning pesticide use.
Analytical chemistry --- Analytical biochemistry --- General ecology and biosociology --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Toxicology --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- volksgezondheid --- ecotoxicologie --- milieukunde --- analytische chemie --- farmacologie --- biochemie --- milieu --- multimedia --- toxicologie --- optica
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Heavy metals can be emitted into environment by both natural and anthropogenic sources, mainly mining and industrial activity. Human exposure occurs through all environmental media. Infants are more susceptible to the adverse effects of exposure. Increasing attention is now being paid to the mental development of children exposed to heavy metals. The purpose of this book is to evaluate the existing knowledge on intellectual impairment in children exposed to heavy metals in their living environment and to identify the research needs in order to obtain a clearer picture of the situation in countries and regions at risk, in which the economy is closely related to metallurgy and heavy metals emission, and to recommend a strategy for human protection. In greater detail the main objectives could be formulated as follows: to review the principal sources of single, and complex mixtures of, heavy metal pollutants in the environment; to identify suitable methodology for chemical analyses in the environment and in humans; to evaluate the existing methods for measuring mental impairment, including their reliability and validity; to recommend a standard testing protocol to be used in future research; to assess the future role of environmental heavy metal pollution in countries and regions at risk and its effects on children's neurological development; to recommend a prevention strategy for protecting children's health and development.
Analytical chemistry --- General ecology and biosociology --- Toxicology --- Social medicine --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- zware metalen --- ecotoxicologie --- milieuchemie --- analytische chemie --- farmacologie --- milieuhygiëne --- toxicologie --- milieuzorg --- vervuiling
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