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Hormones and Pharmaceuticals Generated by Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: Transport in Water and Soil examines how hormones, antibiotics and pharmaceuticals generated from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) of cattle, poultry, swine and aquaculture are transported in water and soil. Little is known of the environmental fate of the tons of physiologically active steroid hormones released each year. In their own regard, in the last 20 years considerable attention has been given to a wide variety of natural and anthropomorphic agents known as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Until the contribution of steroid hormones to the environment are better defined, it will be difficult to quantify the exact impact of EDCs. While some advances in the understanding of the fate of these compounds in water has been made, little is known about the processes that govern their transport in soil or how they eventually reach groundwater. As this book discusses extensively, it is somewhat of a mystery how steroids, with their lipophilic nature, strong binding to humic acids and extensive metabolism by soil bacteria, can be transported through even a few centimeters of soil, let alone 20 to 40 meters to the groundwater. With respect to antibiotics, the emphasis is on their fate and transport in the environment and on the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Impacts on soil ecology, including the impact of antibiotics on the metabolism of other active agents, is also discussed. Similarly, the acaricides and insecticides used in animal husbandry are widely used and their environmental pathways have been studied and have significant impacts on soil and dung ecology. Active compounds with potential environmental impacts, such as growth promoters generated from CAFOs, are described. However, because little is known of their environmental fate, emphasis is placed on defining the gaps in our knowledge and defining their possible effects.

Agricultural pollution. --- Environmental toxicology. --- Feeds --Toxicology. --- Hormones in animal nutrition. --- Agricultural pollution --- Environmental toxicology --- Feeds --- Hormones in animal nutrition --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Public Health --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Toxicology & Public Health --- Environmental Engineering --- Veterinary Medicine --- Environmental Sciences --- Toxicology --- Drugs. --- Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Medicaments --- Medications --- Medicine (Drugs) --- Medicines (Drugs) --- Pharmaceuticals --- Prescription drugs --- Environment. --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Environmental sciences. --- Ecology. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Pollution. --- Pollution, general. --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Terrestial Ecology. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Bioactive compounds --- Medical supplies --- Pharmacopoeias --- Chemotherapy --- Materia medica --- Pharmacy --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Chemical pollution --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Ecotoxicology --- Environmental health --- Ecology --- Environmental aspects --- Ecology . --- Environmental monitoring. --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Environmental science --- Science --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Quality --- Composition

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Arbitrage (droit) --- Droit commercial (droit international) --- Droit international économique --- Investissements étrangers --- Contentieux d'entreprise

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[2nd ed.] This is the long-awaited second edition of this widely-referenced work on the substantive law principles of investment treaty arbitration. It forms a detailed critical review of the substantive principles of international law applied by investment arbitration tribunals, and a clear and comprehensive description of the present state of the law. The first edition met with immediate success as a result of the authors' achievement in describing and analysing the volume of law created, applied and analysed by tribunals. The second edition is fully updated to take account of the arbitration awards rendered in the period since 2007. Written by an internationally recognised author team, it is now the most comprehensive and up to date work in its field and no practitioner or academic can afford to be without it.Key areas of coverage include:• The instruments under which investment disputes arise• The legal basis of treaty arbitration• Dispute resolution and parallel proceedings• Who is a foreign investor, including nationality issues and foreign control• What is an investment• Investors' substantive rights, including fair and equitable treatment• Expropriation• Compensation and remedies

Investments, Foreign --- Arbitration and award, International --- Law and legislation --- Commercial arbitration, International --- International arbitration and award --- International commercial arbitration --- Arbitration and award --- Conflict of laws --- Investments, Foreign - Law and legislation

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Hormones and Pharmaceuticals Generated by Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: Transport in Water and Soil examines how hormones, antibiotics and pharmaceuticals generated from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) of cattle, poultry, swine and aquaculture are transported in water and soil. Little is known of the environmental fate of the tons of physiologically active steroid hormones released each year. In their own regard, in the last 20 years considerable attention has been given to a wide variety of natural and anthropomorphic agents known as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Until the contribution of steroid hormones to the environment are better defined, it will be difficult to quantify the exact impact of EDCs. While some advances in the understanding of the fate of these compounds in water has been made, little is known about the processes that govern their transport in soil or how they eventually reach groundwater. As this book discusses extensively, it is somewhat of a mystery how steroids, with their lipophilic nature, strong binding to humic acids and extensive metabolism by soil bacteria, can be transported through even a few centimeters of soil, let alone 20 to 40 meters to the groundwater. With respect to antibiotics, the emphasis is on their fate and transport in the environment and on the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Impacts on soil ecology, including the impact of antibiotics on the metabolism of other active agents, is also discussed. Similarly, the acaricides and insecticides used in animal husbandry are widely used and their environmental pathways have been studied and have significant impacts on soil and dung ecology. Active compounds with potential environmental impacts, such as growth promoters generated from CAFOs, are described. However, because little is known of their environmental fate, emphasis is placed on defining the gaps in our knowledge and defining their possible effects.

General ecology and biosociology --- Toxicology --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Pedology --- ecotoxicologie --- milieuchemie --- farmacologie --- toxicologie --- ecologie --- milieutechnologie

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International Arbitration in the United States' is a comprehensive analysis of international arbitration law and practice in the United States (U.S.). Choosing an arbitration seat in the U.S. is a common choice among parties to international commercial agreements or treaties. However, the complexities of arbitrating in a federal system, and the continuing development of U.S. arbitration law and practice, can be daunting to even experienced arbitrators. This book, the first of its kind, provides parties opting for "private justice" with vital judicial reassurance on U.S. courts' highly supportive posture in enforcing awards and its pronounced reluctance to intervene in the arbitral process. With a nationwide treatment describing both the default forum under federal arbitration law and the array of options to which parties may agree in state courts under state international arbitration statutes, this book covers aspects of U.S. arbitration law and practice as the following: institutions and institutional rules that practitioners typically use; ethical considerations; costs and fees; provisional measures; and confidentiality.There are also chapters on arbitration in specialized areas such as class actions, securities, construction, insurance, and intellectual property.--Publisher website.

Arbitration (International Law) --- Law --- Arbitration (international law)