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How did the Bible survive the Enlightenment? In this book, Jonathan Sheehan shows how Protestant translators and scholars in the eighteenth century transformed the Bible from a book justified by theology to one justified by culture. In doing so, the Bible was made into the cornerstone of Western heritage and invested with meaning, authority, and significance even for a secular age. The Enlightenment Bible offers a new history of the Bible in the century of its greatest crisis and, in turn, a new vision of this century and its effects on religion. Although the Enlightenment has long symbolized the corrosive effects of modernity on religion, Sheehan shows how the Bible survived, and even thrived in this cradle of ostensible secularization. Indeed, in eighteenth-century Protestant Europe, biblical scholarship and translation became more vigorous and culturally significant than at any time since the Reformation. From across the theological spectrum, European scholars--especially German and English--exerted tremendous energies to rejuvenate the Bible, reinterpret its meaning, and reinvest it with new authority. Poets, pedagogues, philosophers, literary critics, philologists, and historians together built a post-theological Bible, a monument for a new religious era. These literati forged the Bible into a cultural text, transforming the theological core of the Judeo-Christian tradition. In the end, the Enlightenment gave the Bible the power to endure the corrosive effects of modernity, not as a theological text but as the foundation of Western culture.

Enlightenment. --- Siècle des lumières --- Bible. --- History. --- -Enlightenment. --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism --- Bible --- History --- Enlightenment --- #GGSB: Exegese --- 22.06 <09> --- Bijbel: exegese-- --- Biblia --- 18th century --- Exegese --- Siècle des Lumières. --- Histoire --- Histoire. --- A Tale of a Tub. --- Allan Bloom. --- Anthony Collins. --- Apocrypha. --- Apologetics. --- Athanasius Kircher. --- August Hermann Francke. --- Biblical authority. --- Biblical canon. --- Biblical criticism. --- Biblical inerrancy. --- Biblical paraphrase. --- Book of Job. --- Catechism. --- Christian Thomasius. --- Christianity and Judaism. --- Christianity. --- Church Fathers. --- Clement of Alexandria. --- Criticism. --- David Strauss. --- Deism. --- Dictionnaire Historique et Critique. --- Dogma. --- Dogmatic theology. --- Donatism. --- Edward Stillingfleet. --- Epistle to the Hebrews. --- Erudition. --- Exegesis. --- Francis Atterbury. --- Franz Rosenzweig. --- Friedrich August Wolf. --- Friedrich Nicolai. --- Friedrich Schleiermacher. --- Geneva Bible. --- God. --- Hebrews. --- Heresy. --- Heterodoxy. --- Infidel. --- Jews. --- Johann David Michaelis. --- Johann Georg Hamann. --- Johann Gerhard. --- Johann Jakob Griesbach. --- John Foxe. --- John Toland. --- Judaism. --- Justification (theology). --- Karl Barth. --- Karl Friedrich Bahrdt. --- Karl Lachmann. --- Literature. --- Loci Theologici. --- Luther Bible. --- Lutheranism. --- Masoretic Text. --- Matthew Tindal. --- Mennonite. --- Methodism. --- New Testament. --- Nonconformist. --- Old Christian. --- Old Testament. --- On Religion. --- Participle. --- Philology. --- Pierre Bayle. --- Pietism. --- Poetry. --- Protestant Reformers. --- Protestantism. --- Psalm 1. --- Psalms. --- Puritans. --- Radical Pietism. --- Reform Judaism. --- Religion. --- Religious text. --- Richard Popkin. --- Robert Estienne. --- Romanticism. --- Rosicrucianism. --- Scholasticism. --- Secularism. --- Secularization. --- Sirach. --- Sola fide. --- Spirituality. --- Stephen Greenblatt. --- Sturm und Drang. --- The Kingdom of God Is Within You. --- The Philosopher. --- Theology. --- Thomas Chubb. --- Wilhelm Dilthey. --- William Tyndale. --- William Whiston.

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Why is the world orderly, and how does this order come to be? Human beings inhabit a multitude of apparently ordered systems-natural, social, political, economic, cognitive, and others-whose origins and purposes are often obscure. In the eighteenth century, older certainties about such orders, rooted in either divine providence or the mechanical operations of nature, began to fall away. In their place arose a new appreciation for the complexity of things, a new recognition of the world's disorder and randomness, new doubts about simple relations of cause and effect-but with them also a new ability to imagine the world's orders, whether natural or manmade, as self-organizing. If large systems are left to their own devices, eighteenth-century Europeans increasingly came to believe, order will emerge on its own without any need for external design or direction. In Invisible Hands, Jonathan Sheehan and Dror Wahrman trace the many appearances of the language of self-organization in the eighteenth-century West. Across an array of domains, including religion, society, philosophy, science, politics, economy, and law, they show how and why this way of thinking came into the public view, then grew in prominence and arrived at the threshold of the nineteenth century in versatile, multifarious, and often surprising forms. Offering a new synthesis of intellectual and cultural developments, Invisible Hands is a landmark contribution to the history of the Enlightenment and eighteenth-century culture.

Philosophy, Modern --- Order --- Social sciences --- Enlightenment. --- Religious aspects. --- Philosophy. --- 18th century, history, historical, order, organization, ordered systems, nature, politics, economics, cognition, divine province, divinity, religion, religious, disorder, randomness, self-organization, european, europe, society, philosophy, science, law, social sciences, enlightenment, human happiness, pursuit of knowledge, reason, sense, liberty, progress.