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The study tries to evaluate the impact of cotton on rural development in the Northern part of the Côte d'Ivoire through the case study of the Korhogo area. Besides the multiannual local cotton varieties which have been existing in the production systems, a cotton plant with annual cycle was introduced in West Africa and more particularly in Côte d'Ivoire as a request from some French companies which wanted to escape from the monopoly of the United States on the world fibre market. This type of cotton crop was the object of several supporting measures at various levels : agronomic and technological researches, agricultural advices and popularization of the farming techniques, training and organization of the producers, subsidies for the inputs (seeds are still subsidized nowadays), production price guaranteed, ensured marketing, etc. Therefore, from an imposed crop, cotton has became more and more massively freely adopted, because of its many assets. It can be retained that the cot ton has deeply improved the agricultural practices, modified the agrarian landscape in general, transformed the mentality and the way of living of a new type of farmer who became both producer and industrial. In brief, cotton plays an unmistakable positive role on the development of the studied area. The first chapter presents the context of the study and the methodology which has been followed for the choice and the realization of the field observations. It gives the history and analyzes the organization of the cotton supply and marketing chain in Côte d'Ivoire. In the second chapter, after a short presentation of the previous situations, the dynamics related to the cotton agrarian systems since 1960 are estimated by considering mainly the changes led by the various adoption modalities of the cotton crop on the practised production systems. The modifications arisen in land use, acquisition and use of equipments and agricultural inputs as well as the evolution trajectories of the farm ers are analysed. We insist on the notable changes in the work factor distribution which often limits the formation of agricultural incomes. All this leads to the farmers wealth level differentiation according to the type of practised production systems. The third chapter is devoted to the evaluation of the technical and social consequences of the cotton crop. It is shown that it has contributed to the improvement of production techniques, to the farmers financial profitability, to the increase of commercial exchanges, to the reduction of the poverty level in rural areas, to the improvement of the living conditions as well as to the educational level of the populations. We end by general conclusions, perspectives and recommendations. It is highlighted that there is a necessity to rethink agronomic research and popularization toward sustainability of the cotton-based systems. It is also important to find institutional solutions for a fairest distribution of the added value to the variou s actors dealing with the cotton supply and marketing chain in Côte d'Ivoire.

Cotton --- Production --- socioeconomic organization --- socioeconomic environment --- Income distribution --- Agricultural research --- Sustainable development --- Filiere --- Intrant --- Cote d'Ivoire. --- Cote d'Ivoire

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