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The study of rationality and practical reason, or rationality in action, has been central to Western intellectual culture. In this invigorating book, John Searle lays out six claims of what he calls the Classical Model of rationality and shows why they are false. He then presents an alternative theory of the role of rationality in thought and action.A central point of Searle's theory is that only irrational actions are directly caused by beliefs and desires--for example, the actions of a person in the grip of an obsession or addiction. In most cases of rational action, there is a gap between the motivating desire and the actual decision making. The traditional name for this gap is "freedom of the will." According to Searle, all rational activity presupposes free will. For rationality is possible only where one has a choice among various rational as well as irrational options.Unlike many philosophical tracts, Rationality in Action invites the reader to apply the author's ideas to everyday life. Searle shows, for example, that contrary to the traditional philosophical view, weakness of will is very common. He also points out the absurdity of the claim that rational decision making always starts from a consistent set of desires. Rational decision making, he argues, is often about choosing between conflicting reasons for action. In fact, humans are distinguished by their ability to be rationally motivated by desire-independent reasons for action. Extending his theory of rationality to the self, Searle shows how rational deliberation presupposes an irreducible notion of the self. He also reveals the idea of free will to be essentially a thesis of how the brain works.

Theory of knowledge --- Reasoning. --- Raisonnement --- Reasoning --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Logic --- PHILOSOPHY/General --- PHILOSOPHY/Philosophy of Mind/General --- Practical reason.

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Psycholinguistics --- Philosophy of language --- Metaphysics --- Affective and dynamic functions --- Sociolinguistics --- Free will and determinism. --- Neuropsychology. --- Power (Social sciences) --- Sociolinguistics. --- Free will and determinism --- Neuropsychology --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Empowerment (Social sciences) --- Political power --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Neurophysiology --- Psychophysiology --- Compatibilism --- Determinism and free will --- Determinism and indeterminism --- Free agency --- Freedom and determinism --- Freedom of the will --- Indeterminism --- Liberty of the will --- Determinism (Philosophy) --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects

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Philosophy of mind --- Social epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Sociolinguistics

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John Searle's Speech Acts (1969) and Expression and Meaning (1979) developed a highly original and influential approach to the study of language. But behind both works lay the assumption that the philosophy of language is in the end a branch of the philosophy of the mind: speech acts are forms of human action and represent just one example of the mind's capacity to relate the human organism to the world. The present book is concerned with these biologically fundamental capacities, and, though third in the sequence, in effect it provides the philosophical foundations for the other two. Intentionality is taken to be the crucial mental phenomenon, and its analysis involves wide-ranging discussions of perception, action, causation, meaning, and reference. In all these areas John Searle has original and stimulating views. He ends with a resolution of the 'mind-body' problem.

Intentionality (Philosophy). --- Philosophy of mind. --- Intentionnalité (philosophie) --- #SBIB:309H505 --- Code en boodschap: psychologische, psycho-analytische benadering --- Intentionnalité (Philosophie) --- Intentionality (Philosophy) --- Philosophy of mind --- Mind, Philosophy of --- Mind, Theory of --- Theory of mind --- 800.1 --- 800.1 Taalfilosofie --- Taalfilosofie --- Philosophy --- Cognitive science --- Metaphysics --- Philosophical anthropology --- Act (Philosophy) --- Mind and body --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Philosophy of language --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophie de l'esprit --- Arts and Humanities

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Language and languages --- -Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Philosophy --- Philosophy of language --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Intension (Philosophy) --- Logical semantics --- Semantics (Logic) --- Semeiotics --- Significs --- Syntactics --- Unified science --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Logical positivism --- Philosophy, Modern --- Semiotics --- Signs and symbols --- Symbolism --- Definition (Philosophy) --- Analysis, Linguistic (Philosophy) --- Analysis, Logical --- Analysis, Philosophical --- Analytic philosophy --- Analytical philosophy --- Linguistic analysis (Philosophy) --- Logical analysis --- Philosophical analysis --- Philosophy, Analytical --- Methodology --- Philosophy. --- Analysis (Philosophy). --- Semantics (Philosophy). --- Langage et langues --- Sémantique (Philosophie) --- Philosophie analytique --- Philosophie --- Language and languages - Philosophy --- Language and languages - Philosophy.