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The culmination of Eliezer Schweid’s life-work as a Jewish intellectual historian, this five-volume work provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary account of the major thinkers and movements in modern Jewish thought, in the context of general philosophy and Jewish social-political historical developments, with extensive primary source excerpts. Volume Two, 'The Birth of the Jewish Historical Studies and the Modern Jewish Religious Movements,' discusses the major Jewish thinkers of central and eastern Europe before 1881, in connection with the movements they fostered: German-Jewish Wissenschaft (Zunz), Reform (Formstecher, Samuel Hirsch, Geiger), Neo-Orthodoxy (S. D. Luzzatto, Steinheim, Samson Raphael Hirsch), Positive-Historical (Frankel, Graetz), and Neo-Haredi (Kalischer, Malbim, Hayyim Volozhiner, Salanter). In addition, extensive attention is given to the thinkers of the east-European Haskalah, both earlier (Levinsohn, Rubin, Schorr, Mieses, Abraham Krochmal) and later proto-Zionist thinkers (Zweifel, Smolenskin, Pines, Lilienblum).

Jewish philosophy. --- Philosophy and religion. --- Jewish philosophers. --- Judaism and philosophy. --- Christianity and philosophy --- Religion and philosophy --- Religion --- Philosophy and Judaism --- Philosophy --- Philosophy, Jewish --- Jews --- Philosophy, Israeli --- Philosophers, Jewish --- Philosophers

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The culmination of Eliezer Schweid’s life-work as a Jewish intellectual historian, this five-volume work provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary account of the major thinkers and movements in modern Jewish thought, in the context of general philosophy and Jewish social-political historical developments, with extensive primary source excerpts. Volume Three, “The Crisis of Humanism,” commences with an important essay on the challenge to the humanist tradition posed in the late 19th century by historical materialism, existentialism and positivism. This is background for the constructive philosophies which sought at the same time to address the general crisis of moral value and provide a positive basis for Jewish existence. Among the thinkers presented in this volume are Moses Hess, Moritz Lazarus, Hermann Cohen (in impressive depth, with a thorough exposition of the Ethics and Religion of Reason), Ahad Ha-Am, I. J. Reines, Simon Dubnow, M. Y. Berdiczewski, the theorists of the Bund, Chaim Zhitlovsky, Nachman Syrkin, and Ber Borochov.

Jewish philosophy. --- Philosophy and religion. --- Jewish philosophers. --- Judaism and philosophy.

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A thorough inside narrative and analysis of the seminal thinkers, religious and secular, of the Yishuv, 1900-48--Brenner, Gordon, Ya'ari, Katznelson, Jabotinsky, Kaufmann, Kook, Hirschensohn, Bialik, Amiel, Maimon, Alterman, Sadan, and others.

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Like Spinoza in his Theological-Political Treatise, Schweid helps us grasp the potential for seeing radically new messages in this oldest of books, the Bible. The American Founding Fathers realized that the Bible offers strong support for the doctrine of popular sovereignty. Socially, it offers a message of egalitarianism, especially in the provisions of the Jubilee. It is hardly an accident that two modern political movements found mottos ready at hand from the 25th chapter of Leviticus: "Proclaim liberty throughout the land unto all the inhabitants thereof" (engraved on the Liberty Bell), and "The land shall not be sold in perpetuity" (motto of the Jewish National Fund). Schweid helps us to appreciate the broader message of the narrative of creation and settlement of the land in its ecumenical and planetary dimensions. The world is God's creation, and its resources are to be deployed as necessary for the sustenance and need-fulfillment of all peoples and all creatures equally-a message very much relevant to the ecological crisis facing us all at the present time.

Jews --- Jewish law --- Civilization, Jewish --- Jewish civilization --- Civilization, Semitic --- Civilization. --- Philosophy. --- Bible. --- Deuteronomium (Book of the Old Testament) --- Deuteronomy (Book of the Old Testament) --- Devarim (Book of the Old Testament) --- Kitāb-i Divārīm (Book of the Old Testament) --- Shinmeiki (Book of the Old Testament) --- Sifr al-Tathniyah (Book of the Old Testament) --- Sinmyŏnggi (Book of the Old Testament) --- Tas̲niyah (Book of the Old Testament) --- Tathniyah (Book of the Old Testament) --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Juifs --- Droit juif --- Civilisation --- Philosophie