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This book, first published in 1991, examines in detail how eugenics in early twentieth-century France provided a broad cover for a variety of reform movements that attempted to bring about the biological regeneration of the French population. Like several other societies during this period, France showed a growing interest in natalist, neo-Larmarckian, social hygiene, racist, and other biologically based movements as a response to the perception that French society was in a state of decline and degeneration. William Schneider's study provides a fascinating account of attempts to apply new discoveries in biology and medicine toward the improvement in the inherited biological quality of the population through such measures as birth control, premarital examinations, sterilization, and immigration restriction. It is the first attempt to set forth the major components of French eugenics both for comparison with other countries and to show the interaction of the various movements that comprised it.
Eugenics --- Eugénisme --- Moral and ethical aspects --- History --- Aspect moral --- Histoire --- -Eugenics --- -Homiculture --- Race improvement --- Euthenics --- Heredity --- Involuntary sterilization --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- -Moral and ethical aspects --- Eugénisme --- Homiculture --- Arts and Humanities
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Public opinion --- History --- Africa --- Foreign public opinion, French --- kolonialisme --- Frankrijk --- Afrika --- antropologie --- media --- pers --- journalistiek --- negentiende eeuw --- geschiedenis --- etnografie --- 39 --- Foreign public opinion, French. --- Opinion, Public --- Perception, Public --- Popular opinion --- Public perception --- Public perceptions --- Judgment --- Social psychology --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Focus groups --- Reputation --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Public opinion - France - History - 19th century --- Africa - Foreign public opinion, French
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This first extensive study of the practice of blood transfusion in Africa traces the history of one of the most important therapies in modern medicine from the period of colonial rule to independence and the AIDS epidemic. The introduction of transfusion held great promise for improving health, but like most new medical practices, transfusion needed to be adapted to the needs of sub-Saharan Africa, for which there was no analogous treatment in traditional African medicine. This otherwise beneficent medical procedure also created a "royal road" for microorganisms, and thus played a central
AIDS (Disease) --- Blood banks --- Blood --- Banked blood --- Blood transfusion service --- Blood transfusion services --- Tissue banks --- Bloodmobiles --- Body fluids --- Fear of blood --- Epidemiology. --- Risk management --- Transfusion --- History. --- Transportation
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The eight case studies in this edited volume show in detail how the Rockefeller Foundation's gifts affected medical research, education, and public health in Europe, the Soviet Union, and China between World War I and the Cold War. Despite the Foundation's goal to help countries with established medical research programs, major advances were achieved in several countries that did not have a notable history in medical research. In other circumstances, however, the Rockefeller Foundation was confronted
Medicine --- Health Workforce --- Research --- Endowments. --- Rockefeller Foundation. --- New York (N.Y.). --- Fundación Róckefeller --- Rokfelerovata fondat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Fundaça̋o Rockefeller --- Luokefeile ji jin hui --- 洛克菲勒基金會 --- Rockefeller Stiftung --- RF
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"In this interdisciplinary collection, experts provide the most complete description to date of the often ignored and underappreciated features of the history of the multiple human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) responsible for the global AIDS pandemic"--
HIV (Viruses) --- HIV infections --- History. --- Africa. --- History
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