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The term inventory-production theory is not well defined. It com­ prises e. g. such models like cash balance models, production smoothing models and pure inventory models. We shall here mainly be concerned with stochastic dynamic problems and shall give exact definitions in the next section. Most of our work will concentrate on cash balance models. However, production smoothing situations and pure inventory problems will also be investigated. Since we are faced in principle with dynamic stochastic situa­ tions a dynamic programming approach would be appropriate. This approach, however, due to computational restraints, is limited to only but the simplest models. Therefore, in practice, one ruduces stochastics just in taking forecasts of demand and then treating the problem as a deterministic optimization problem. In addition one often introduces certain safety stocks to safeguard the system from possible forecasting errors. In general, this proce­ dure is suboptimal. However, there exists one particular situa­ tion when a separation in a forecasting procedure and a subse­ quent optimization of the remaining deterministic model is not suboptimal. This is known as the linear-quadratic model, i. e. a model having linear system equations and a quadratic cost crite­ rion. For this type of model H. A. Simon ~3J and later H. Theil [25J have shown that the above separation property holds. In fact, Simon's and Theil's results are nothing else but what has later and more generally become known to control engineers as Kalman's famous separation principle.

Mathematical control systems --- Inventory control. Purchasing management --- INVENTORY CONTROL -- 518.1 --- PRODUCTION PLANNING -- 518.1 --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- 519.874 --- Theory of supplies and stock control. Inventory theory. Models of storage. Models of replacement --- 519.874 Theory of supplies and stock control. Inventory theory. Models of storage. Models of replacement

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Decision making --- Hierarchies

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Distributed decision making (DDM) has become of increasing importance in quantitative decision analysis. In applications like supply chain management, service operations, or managerial accounting, DDM has led to a paradigm shift. The book provides a unified approach to such seemingly diverse fields as multi-level stochastic programming, hierarchical production planning, principal agent theory, negotiations or contract theory. Different settings like multi-level one-person decision problems, multi-person antagonistic planning, and leadership situations are covered. Numerous examples and real-life planning cases illustrate the concepts. The new edition has been considerably expanded by additional chapters on supply chain management, service operations and multi-agent systems.

Decision making. --- Hierarchies.

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Production planning --- Inventory control