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In May 2019, the new SI definitions for ampere, kilogram, kelvin and mole came into force. For the mole, the SI unit of the amount of substance, the Avogadro constant was newly determined and its value set as the defining constant. But: How did it come about that a comparative number became a natural constant? Embark on a short journey from the beginning to today: from the gas laws of the 17th century to the new SI system of units of the 21st century. Learn about the importance of natural constants in general and the Avogadro constant in particular. Get an overview of the term "mole" and learn which (exemplary) methods can be used to determine the Avogadro constant. Finally, get an overview of the history of the SI system of units and the new definitions of SI units. This Springer essential is a translation of the original German 1st edition essentials,Die Avogadro-Konstante by Torsten Schmiermund, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors. The Contents Natural constants and their meaning Physical-chemical laws and the development of the term "mole Examples for the determination of the Avogadro constant The new SI system of units (definitions and constants) Target groups Chemistry majors and minors Teachers and lecturers in the fields of chemistry and history of chemistry The author Torsten Schmiermund has worked as a chemical engineer in the chemical industry for many years. In addition to other books in the essentials series, he has published a chemistry textbook (Das Chemiewissen für die Feuerwehr, Springer, 2019). This book is a translation of an original German edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.

Avogadro's law --- Avogadro's hypothesis --- Avogadro's principle --- Gas laws (Physical chemistry) --- History. --- Inorganic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Chemistry --- Inorganic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- History of Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Inorganic compounds

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Chemistry is a "closed book" for many people. The voluntary nature of dealing with it is therefore also rather low. But especially in the fire department, which is strongly characterized by volunteerism, a reasonable basic knowledge of chemistry is indispensable if you want to understand the interrelationships. And this applies not only to those firefighters who are on duty in the hazardous materials groups/brigades and are entrusted with combating NBC hazards. Or the plant fire departments in the chemical industry, who - it is thought - come into contact with hazardous materials much more frequently. It concerns all fire department members - even if depending upon size and range of tasks in different characteristics. The participant in the basic firefighting training course has just as many "chemical" topics as the graduate of the German B-IV course (= company leader of the whole-time fire brigade). The whole is deepened both in the NBC specialized courses, in training to CBRN / CBRNE danger situations or the regular out and advanced training of crews and high-level personnel. This book explains scientific facts and relates them to possible hazards at the incident site. Safety-related key figures are explained on the basis of chemical-physical properties and their relevance for operations is explained. Embedded in the basics of general, inorganic and organic chemistry, questions concerning the selection of binding agents, the neutralization of acids as well as the fire behavior of plastics and the effect of flame retardants are addressed. In addition, the areas of radioactivity and radiation protection, chemical warfare agents and bioweapons, and the processes involved in burning and extinguishing are covered, so that the entire spectrum of "chemistry for the fire department" is covered. The Author Torsten Schmiermund has worked as a chemical technician in the chemical industry for many years and has been a district instructor for the volunteer fire department since 2005. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Das Chemiewissen für die Feuerwehr by Torsten Schmiermund, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.

Physicochemistry --- Nuclear chemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- stralingschemie --- organische chemie --- brandpreventie --- anorganische chemie --- fysicochemie

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In May 2019, the new SI definitions for ampere, kilogram, kelvin and mole came into force. For the mole, the SI unit of the amount of substance, the Avogadro constant was newly determined and its value set as the defining constant. But: How did it come about that a comparative number became a natural constant? Embark on a short journey from the beginning to today: from the gas laws of the 17th century to the new SI system of units of the 21st century. Learn about the importance of natural constants in general and the Avogadro constant in particular. Get an overview of the term "mole" and learn which (exemplary) methods can be used to determine the Avogadro constant. Finally, get an overview of the history of the SI system of units and the new definitions of SI units. This Springer essential is a translation of the original German 1st edition essentials,Die Avogadro-Konstante by Torsten Schmiermund, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors. The Contents Natural constants and their meaning Physical-chemical laws and the development of the term "mole Examples for the determination of the Avogadro constant The new SI system of units (definitions and constants) Target groups Chemistry majors and minors Teachers and lecturers in the fields of chemistry and history of chemistry The author Torsten Schmiermund has worked as a chemical engineer in the chemical industry for many years. In addition to other books in the essentials series, he has published a chemistry textbook (Das Chemiewissen für die Feuerwehr, Springer, 2019). This book is a translation of an original German edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.

History of chemistry --- Physicochemistry --- Inorganic chemistry --- Chemistry --- History --- chemie --- geschiedenis --- anorganische chemie --- fysicochemie

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Chemistry. --- Fire extinction. --- Buildings --- Extinction of fires --- Fighting of fires --- Fire fighting --- Fire suppression --- Firefighting --- Fire prevention --- Public safety --- Insurance engineering --- Physical sciences --- Fires and fire prevention