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Historical disaster research is still a young field. This book discusses the experiences different cultures, from Europe across the Near East to Asia, have of natural disasters. It focuses on the pre-industrial era and on the question of similarities, differences and transcultural dynamics in the cultural handling of natural disasters. Which long-lasting cultural patterns of perception, interpretation and handling of disasters can be determined? Have specific types of disasters changed the affected societies? What have people learned from disasters and what not? What adaptation and coping strategies existed? Which natural, societal and economic parameters play a part? The book not only reveals the historical depth of present practices, but also reveals possible comparisons that show globalization processes, entanglements and exchanges of ideas and practices in preMit bestem Dank im voraus-modern times.

Disasters --- History. --- Calamities --- Catastrophes --- Curiosities and wonders --- Accidents --- Hazardous geographic environments --- Geology. --- Civilization-History. --- Cultural Studies. --- Natural Hazards. --- Cultural History. --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Cultural studies. --- Natural disasters. --- Civilization—History. --- Natural calamities

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Pre-modern critical interactions of nature and society can best be studied during the so-called "Crisis of the 14th Century". While historiography has long ignored the environmental framing of historical processes and scientists have over-emphasized nature's impact on the course of human history, this volume tries to describe the at times complex modes of the late-medieval relationship of man and nature. The idea of 'teleconnection', borrowed from the geosciences, describes the influence of atmospheric circulation patterns often over long distances. It seems that there were 'teleconnections' in society, too. So this volumes aims to examine man-environment interactions mainly in the 14th century from all over Europe and beyond. It integrates contributions from different disciplines on impact, perception and reaction of environmental change and natural extreme events on late Medieval societies. For humanists from all historical disciplines it offers an approach how to integrate written and even scientific evidence on environmental change in established and new fields of historical research. For scientists it demonstrates the contributions scholars from the humanities can provide for discussion on past environmental changes.

Literary studies: classical, early & medieval --- Medieval history --- Climate. --- Middle Ages. --- crisis. --- humans.

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Disasters in art --- Disasters

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Krisen sie bezeichnen das, was eigentlich undenkbar ist: Die Ereignisse überschlagen sich, werden als unkalkulierbar wahrgenommen, ihr Ausgang ist ungewiss. Andererseits wird Krisen mit festen sprachlichen Mustern begegnet. In der Kommunikation wird ihnen ein logischer Ablauf, ein Telos unterstellt. Damit sind sie nicht nur Mittel zur Zukunftsbewältigung, sondern sie ordnen auch den Blick in die Vergangenheit: In den historischen Wissenschaften dient das Schlagwort der Krise sowohl interdisziplinär als auch transepochal als Leitbegriff, um Kontinuitäten wie auch Wandel zu erklären. Die Vielzahl der konstatierten Krisen lässt freilich zweifeln, wie sich ein breit gefasster Krisenbegriff hermeneutisch schlüssig definieren lässt. Wann ist eine Ereigniskette als "Krisenzeit" zu qualifizieren ? Wie beständig sind solche Qualifizierungen ? Zugleich stellt sich die Frage nach der narrativen Konstruktion solcher "Krisengeschichten": Nötigt der Fokus auf Krisen zu einer bestimmten Strukturierung des Stoffs, zu einem bestimmten Darstellungsziel ? Formt er damit implizit unsere Forschungsaussagen ?

Crises --- Civilization