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The conference series Traffic and Granular Flow has been established in 1995 and has since then been held biannually. At that time, the investigation of granular materials and traffic was still somewhat exotic and was just starting to become popular among physicists. Originally the idea behind this conference series was to facilitate the convergence of the two fields, inspired by the similarities of certain phenomena and the use of similar theoretical methods. However, in recent years it has become clear that probably the differences between the two systems are much more interesting than the similarities. Nevertheless, the importance of various interrelations among these fields is still growing. The workshop continues to offer an opportunity to stimulate this interdisciplinary research. Over the years the spectrum of topics has become much broader and has included also problems related to topics ranging from social dynamics to - ology. The conference manages to bring together people with rather different background, ranging from engineering to physics, mathematics and computer science. Also the full range of scientific tools is represented with presentations of empirical, experimental, theoretical and mathematical work. The workshop on Traffic and Granular Flow ’05 was the six thin this series. Previous conferences were held in Julic ¨ h (1995), Duisburg (1997), Stuttgart (1999), Nagoya (2001), and Delft (2003). For its 10th anniversary, Berlin was chosen as location, the largest city and capital of Germany. Berlin is also one of the centers for transport related research and hosts many research institutes that have a long history in the fields covered by the workshop.

Granular materials --- Density wave theory --- Traffic flow --- Fluid dynamics --- Mathematical models --- Traffic volume --- Traffic engineering --- Traffic surveys --- Highway capacity --- Traffic density --- Spiral density wave theory --- Galaxies --- Gas dynamics --- Rotating masses of fluid --- Stars --- Waves --- Bulk solids --- Materials --- Mathematics. --- Engineering. --- Mathematical physics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Applications of Mathematics. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Math --- Science --- Mathematics --- Applied mathematics. --- Automotive engineering. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Automobiles --- Motor vehicles --- Design and construction. --- Automotive engineering --- Automobile engineering

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The first part of the book provides a pedagogical introduction to the physics of complex systems driven far from equilibrium. In this part we discuss the basic concepts and theoretical techniques which are commonly used to study classical stochastic transport in systems of interacting driven particles. The analytical techniques include mean-field theories, matrix product ansatz, renormalization group, etc. and the numerical methods are mostly based on computer simulations. In the second part of the book these concepts and techniques are applied not only to vehicular traffic but also to transport and traffic-like phenomena in living systems ranging from collective movements of social insects (for example, ants) on trails to intracellular molecular motor transport. These demonstrate the conceptual unity of the fundamental principles underlying the apparent diversity of the systems and the utility of the theoretical toolbox of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics in interdisciplinary research far beyond the traditional disciplinary boundaries of physics.

Stochastic processes