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A defining work of moral philosophy, Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals has been influential to an extent far beyond what its modest length (roughly 75 pages) might suggest. It is also a famously difficult work, concerned with propounding universal principles rather than answering practical questions. As even professional philosophers will admit, first-time readers are not alone in finding some of its arguments perplexing. Offering an introduction that is accessible to students and relevant to specialized scholars, Dieter Schönecker and Allen Wood make luminously clear the ways the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals forms the basis of our modern moral outlook: that all human beings have equal dignity as ends in themselves; that every rational being is a self-governing agent whose morality freely derives from his or her own will; and that all rational beings constitute an ideal community, bound only by the moral laws they have agreed upon. Schönecker and Wood explain key Kantian concepts of duty, the good will, and moral worth, as well as the propositions Kant uses to derive his conception of the moral law. How the law relates to freedom, and the significance of the free will within Kant’s overall philosophy are rigorously interrogated. Where differing interpretations of Kant’s claims are possible, the authors provide alternative options, giving arguments for each. This critical introduction will help readers of the Groundwork gain an informed understanding of Kant’s challenging but central philosophical work.

Ethics. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Kant, Immanuel,

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Philosophy

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Kant schreibt an einer Stelle der "Kritik der reinen Vernunft", praktische Freiheit sei "durch Erfahrung, als eine von den Natursachen" erkennbar (B 831). Das scheint im Widerspruch zu allen ,kritischen' Thesen Kants zu stehen. Um die darin steckende Spannung genauer zu erkennen, werden alle Schriften Kants (Werke, Vorlesungsmitschriften etc.) auf das Verhältnis von transzendentaler und praktischer Freiheit hin untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass Kant den Begriff "praktische Freiheit" auf dreifache Weise verwendet und Teile der ersten Kritik auf vorkritischen Thesen beruhen. Obwohl die besagte Stelle in ihrer Widersprüchlichkeit seit langem bekannt ist, gab es bisher keine gründliche Untersuchung ihrer Bedeutung. Kant writes at one point in the Critique of Pure Reason that practical freedom can be recognized "through experience, as one of the natural causes" (B 831). This claim appears to conflict with a central epistemological theme of his critical philosophy. This work responds by carefully tracing the details of the relationship between transcendental and practical freedom through all of Kant's writings (published works, lecture notes, etc.). Kant uses the term "practical freedom" in several quite different senses and draws on pre-critical theses to varying degrees. While the problematic text has long been noted, there has been no detailed study of its importance.

Free will and determinism --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Compatibilism --- Determinism and free will --- Determinism and indeterminism --- Free agency --- Freedom and determinism --- Freedom of the will --- Indeterminism --- Liberty of the will --- Determinism (Philosophy) --- Kant, Emmanuel --- Kant, Emanuel --- Kant, Emanuele --- Kant, Immanuel --- Free will and determinism. --- Kant, I. --- Kānt, ʻAmmānūʼīl, --- Kant, Immanouel, --- Kant, Immanuil, --- Kʻantʻŭ, --- Kant, --- Kant, Emmanuel, --- Ḳanṭ, ʻImanuʼel, --- Kant, E., --- Kant, Emanuel, --- Cantơ, I., --- Kant, Emanuele, --- Kant, Im. --- קאנט --- קאנט, א. --- קאנט, עמנואל --- קאנט, עמנואל, --- קאנט, ע. --- קנט --- קנט, עמנואל --- קנט, עמנואל, --- كانت ، ايمانوئل --- كنت، إمانويل، --- カントイマニユエル, --- Kangde, --- 康德, --- Kanṭ, Īmānwīl, --- كانط، إيمانويل --- Kant, Manuel, --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804

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General ethics

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