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Law of civil procedure

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In this paper we describe the main features of the French social housing system as viewed from abroad, and place it within the context of systems in other major developed countries, particularly in Europe. At 17% of the total stock the social sector in France is of similar scale to many other European countries but aims to play a more =universalist‘ role. Moreover the sector still benefits from a special circuit of finance as well as direct subsidies to a greater degree than many comparator countries. Even so, increasing proportions of social tenants come from lower income groups and the government has legislated for rights to assistance. In this context we examine the comparative evidence on the stock of social housing and new construction in the sector; financing and subsidy regimes; systems for allocating tenants to social-housing dwellings; and the resulting demographics. We identify some French policies and practices that reflect the country‘s relative interest in maintaining a traditional social sector and areas such as public/private partnership where France has acted as leader in policy development. We also identify aspects of social housing where France is anomalous in a European context, as well as some where policy appears to have limited economic rationale. Finally, we make some observations about possible future policy directions. This Working Paper relates to the 2011 OECD Economic Survey of France (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/france).

Economics --- France

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All countries aim to improve housing conditions for their citizens but many have been forced by the financial crisis to reduce government expenditure. Social housing is at the crux of this tension. Policy-makers, practitioners and academics want to know how other systems work and are looking for something written in clear English, where there is a depth of understanding of the literature in other languages and direct contributions from country experts across the continent. Social Housing in Europe combines a comparative overview of European social housing written by scholars with in-depth

Social policy --- Logement --- Public housing --- Housing policy --- #SBIB:316.334.5U10 --- #SBIB:327.7H231 --- Government housing projects --- Low-income housing --- Sociologie van stad en platteland: wonen en huisvesting --- Europese Unie: sociaal-economisch beleid, landbouw-, milieu-, cultuur- en communicatiebeleid --- Logement. --- Social housing

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Le logement offre une excellente illustration de la difficulté à définir et à promouvoir un « modèle social européen ». Cet ouvrage, issu des travaux d'un atelier du GIS Réseau socioéconomie de l'habitat, est consacré à l'analyse des transformations du logement social dans l'Union européenne au cours des trois dernières décennies. Centré sur les pays d'Europe de l'Ouest qui furent à son origine : Angleterre, Allemagne, Autriche, Danemark, France, Irlande, Suède et Pays-Bas, il offre aussi un aperçu de la situation du logement social dans les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale, ainsi que dans les pays méditerranéens, où la propriété d'occupation domine, et où le logement social est soit inexistant soit très marginal. Même lorsqu'il reste une pièce essentielle de la politique du logement, le constat est celui d'une « révision générale » du logement social, dans ses missions comme dans ses modes de financement et de gouvernance. Au-delà de la distinction désormais classique entre modèles résiduel, généraliste et universaliste, il en ressort que les évolutions récentes vont parfois à l'encontre de certaines idées reçues. On relève ainsi l'importance maintenue du parc social britannique, malgré vingt ans de privatisations, qui contraste avec la quasi extinction du logement social traditionnel en Allemagne. La Suède a connu de profonds bouleversements, tandis qu'en France l'intervention de l'État reste forte. Le public averti trouvera ainsi de quoi nourrir sa réflexion sur la diversité des expériences européennes, et les profanes des informations jusqu'alors dispersées.

Social Work & Social Policy --- politique du logement --- logement social --- Union européenne --- XXIe siècle