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"On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, giving rise to the deadliest conflict on European soil since the Second World War. How could this happen in twenty-first-century Europe? Why did Putin decide to escalate Russia's war against Ukraine, a war which began with Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014? In this timely book, Gwendolyn Sasse analyses the background to this war and examines the factors that led to Putin's fateful decision. She retraces the history of Ukraine's struggle for independence from Russia and shows how democratic developments in Ukraine had become a risk for Russia's political system. She also shows that ambiguous Western policy towards Russia encouraged elites in the Kremlin to think that they had more room for action than they did. The result is a brilliant analysis of the background to the war, a concise account of the course of the war itself and a timely reflection on what its consequences will be - for Ukraine, for Russia and for the West. An indispensable book for anyone who wants to understand the most dangerous conflict of our time"--Amazon

Polemology --- anno 1990-1999 --- anno 2000-2009 --- anno 2010-2019 --- anno 2020-2029 --- Russia --- Ukraine --- Russian Invasion of Ukraine, 2022 --- History

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The USSR's dissolution resulted in the creation of not only fifteen recognized states but also of four non-recognized statelets : Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Transnistria. Their polities comprise networks with state-like elements. Since the early 1990s, the four pseudo-states have been continuously dependent on their sponsor countries (Russia, Armenia), and contesting the territorial integrity of their parental nation-states Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova. In 2014, the outburst of Russia-backed separatism in Eastern Ukraine led to the creation of two more para-states, the Donetsk People's Republic (DNR) and the Luhansk People's Republic (LNR), whose leaders used the experience of older de facto states. In 2020, this growing network of de facto states counted an overall population of more than 4 million people. The essays collected in this volume address such questions as : how do post-Soviet de facto states survive and continue to grow ? Is there anything specific about the political ecology of Eastern Europe that provides secessionism with the possibility to launch state-making processes in spite of international sanctions and counteractions of their parental states ? How do secessionist movements become embedded in wider networks of separatism in Eastern and Western Europe ? What is the impact of secessionism and war on the parental states ?

SECESSION--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) --- SECESSION--CAUCASUS, SOUTH --- DE FACTO DOCTRINE

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