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Persian language --- Persan (Langue) --- Composition and exercises. --- Textbooks for foreign speakers --- English. --- Composition et exercices --- Manuels pour anglophones --- English
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Popular culture --- Bearnais dialect --- Gascon dialect --- Dictionaries --- French --- -Gascon dialect --- -Popular culture --- Occitan language --- Provençal language --- Culture, Popular --- Mass culture --- Pop culture --- Popular arts --- Communication --- Intellectual life --- Mass society --- Recreation --- -French --- Dictionaries. --- Béarnais dialect --- French. --- Provençal language --- Culture --- Gascon (Dialecte) --- Glossaries, vocabularies, etc --- Glossaires, vocabulaires, etc. --- Popular culture - France - Gascony - Dictionaries --- Bearnais dialect - Dictionaries - French --- Gascon dialect - Dictionaries - French --- Popular culture - Bearn (France) - Dictionaries
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This study addresses the problems scrambling languages provide for the existing syntactic theories by analyzing the interaction of semantic and discourse functional factors with syntactic properties of word order in this type of languages, and by discussing the implications of this interaction for Universal Grammar. Three interrelated goals are carefully followed in this work. The first is to analyze the syntactic structure of Persian, a language which exhibits free word order. With this analysis, the author has accounted for the relative order of categorized expressions, the motivation for their possible rearrangements, and the grammatical results of those reorderings. In this respect, a broad range of major syntactic phenomena, including object shift, Case, Extended Projection Principle (EPP), binding, and scope interpretation of quantifiers, interrogative phrases, adverbial phrases, and negative elements are examined. This monograph is the first major theoretical work ever published on Persian, and therefore fills the existing gap by providing insight into the syntactic structure of this language. The second goal is to connect these insights to similar linguistic properties in languages in which scrambling occurs (e.g. German, Dutch, Hindi, Russian, Japanese, and Korean), and to provide a deeper understanding of this group of genetically diverse, but typologically related languages. The final and principal goal is to situate the results of this work within the framework of the Minimalist Program (MP). The investigations in this study indicate that scrambling is not an optional rule, and that certain principles of MP, such as the Minimal Link Condition, are only seemingly violated in these languages. Furthermore, it is shown that careful analysis of scrambling with respect to binding and scope relations, and a reanalysis of the properties of A and A' movements, cast some doubts on the relevance of a typology of movement in natural language.
Grammar --- Indo-European languages --- Persian language --- Farsi language --- Iranian languages --- Word order. --- Syntax.
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"This book examines the development of social movements in Iran and looks at the impact of environmentalism in particular. Based on in-depth original research, the case study of the "Environmental Movement" is integrated into a historical and comparative analysis which contributes to a better understanding of social movements of Iran. Implementing the new social movement theory of Touraine and Melucci in the Iranian context, the study offers a critical framework for studying social change and transformation of non-European countries"-- "Despite the growing significance of social movements worldwide, scholarship in on the subject remains largely Western in nature, with studies written primarily by Western scholars and based on the experiences of Western cultures and societies. This book makes an important contribution to the study of social movements in non-Western societies by examining their development in Iran. With a particular focus on the recent environmental movement, the author sheds light on the implications and significance of these movements. Drawing on in-depth original research, the case study of the environmental movement is integrated into a historical and comparative analysis. Implementing the new social movement theory of Touraine and Melucci in the Iranian context, the author shows that although the reform movement is unique, in some aspects it is a continuation of the past movements. She places emphasis on the role of women in recent Iranian social movements, exploring the significance of social movements in civil society and in instigating social change. Using the case of Iran to offer a critical framework for studying social change and transformation of non-European countries, this book fills an important gap in the existing literature on the topic. As such, it will be of great interest to scholars and students of sociology, political science and Middle Eastern studies"--
Environmentalism --- Social movements --- Environnementalisme --- Mouvements sociaux
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