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This book focuses on the application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to Major League Baseball (MLB). DEA is a nonparametric linear programming model that is used across academic disciplines. In sports economics, authors have applied the technique primarily to assess team and/or managerial efficiency. The basis for performance analysis is economic production theory, where it is assumed that baseball can be viewed as a production process whereby inputs (player quality measures) are transformed into outputs (wins, attendance). The primary advantage that DEA has over more traditional regression based approaches is the ability to handle multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Further, the approach is nonparametric and hence, does not require a priori specification of the production function. The book develops the theory of DEA in the context of a production environment. A focal point is the assessment of technical and cost efficiency of MLB teams. It is shown that previous frontier applications that measure efficiency provide biased results given that the outcome of a game is zero-sum. If a team loses a game due to inefficiency, another team wins a lost game. A corrected frontier is presented to overcome this problem. Free agent salary arbitration is analyzed using a dual DEA model. Each free agent's contract zone is identified. The upper and lower bounds, representing the player's and team's perspective of value, respectively, are estimated. Player performance is estimated using a modified DEA model to rank order players based on multiple attributes. This model will be used to evaluate current Hall of Fame players. We provide arguments for other players who are deserving of membership. We also use our measure of performance and evaluate age-performance profilers for many ball players. Regression analysis is used to identify the age of peak performance. The method is used to evaluate some of the all-time greats. We also use the method to analyze admitted and implicated steroid users. The results clearly show that performance was enhanced. This book will provide appropriate theoretical models with methodological considerations and interesting empirical analyses and is intended to serve academics and practitioners interested in applying DEA to baseball as well as other sports or production processes.

Baseball --United States --Management --Statistical methods. --- Data envelopment analysis. --- Major League Baseball (Organization). --- Data envelopment analysis --- Baseball --- Social Sciences --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Statistics - General --- Recreation & Sports --- Management --- Statistical methods --- Baseball. --- Base-ball --- Management. --- Operations research. --- Decision making. --- Economics. --- Management science. --- Economic policy. --- Economic Policy. --- Economics, general. --- Operation Research/Decision Theory. --- Ball games --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Administration --- Industrial relations --- Organization --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Quantitative business analysis --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Decision making --- Major League Baseball (Organization) --- MLB (Major League Baseball) --- Béisbol de Grandes Ligas (Organization) --- Мейджър Лийг Бейзбол (Organization) --- Meĭdzhŭr Liĭg Beĭzbol (Organization) --- Grandes Ligas de Béisbol (Organization) --- Grandaj Ligoj de Basbalo (Organization) --- Beisbol Liga Handiak (Organization) --- Beisbol Liga Nagusiak (Organization) --- Ligue majeure de baseball (Organization) --- מייג'ור ליג בייסבול (Organization) --- Meyg'or Lig Beysbol (Organization) --- Augstākā beisbola līga (Organization) --- メジャーリーグベースボール (Organization) --- Mejā Rīgu Bēsubōru (Organization) --- Mejārīgubēsubōru (Organization) --- Главная лига бейсбола (Organization) --- Glavnai︠a︡ liga beĭsbola (Organization) --- МЛБ --- Главна лига бејзбола (Organization) --- Glavna liga bejzbola (Organization) --- Головна бейсбольна ліга (Organization) --- Holovna beĭsbolʹna liha (Organization) --- ГБЛ --- HBL (Holovna beĭsbolʹna liha) --- 美國職業棒球大聯盟 (Organization) --- Meiguo zhi ye bang qiu da lian meng (Organization) --- American League of Professional Baseball Clubs --- National League of Professional Baseball Clubs

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Chamberlain, Neville, - 1869-1940 - Views on military policy. --- Great Britain - Military policy - History - 20th century. --- Great Britain - Defenses - History - 20th century.

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This book provides a complete analysis of educational production and costs using the nonparametric technique known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The book focuses on estimation of technical, allocative and scale efficiency in the public sector characterized by the influence of exogenous socio-economic variables. State of the art DEA models will be presented and fully discussed. Specific education topics important to policy makers including adequacy, technical, allocative and scale efficiency, productivity and environmental costs will be analyzed. To illustrate how these techniques can be applied to school systems worldwide, the authors use data on Australian elementary and high schools to develop nonparametric measures that will help inform current policy debate in Australia. The purpose of the book is to provide a comprehensive analysis of educational production using numerous public sector DEA models. We provide a review of DEA with SAS programming code to estimate technical, scale and allocative efficiency in chapter 2. In chapter 3, we extend the DEA models to control for exogenous factors of production. SAS code is also provided to estimate all public sector models. We use simulated data to illustrate the results. Chapters 4–6 provide a complete analysis of the primary and secondary schools. We analyze input and output oriented models and derive measures of technical, allocative and scale efficiency. We also provide estimates of environmental costs that arise from schools facing different operating environments based on socioeconomic conditions. In addition, we show how DEA can provide insight on adequacy—the minimum cost of providing a pre-defined adequate education. The models presented are consistent with public sector production in general and educational production in particular. We also provide a complete analysis of educational productivity for both primary and secondary schools using state of the art public sector Malmquist measures. The authors use current data on Australian schools to highlight important policy questions related to efficiency and productivity given concerns that schools are not allocatively scarce resources in an economic efficient way. This research focus comes at an important watershed moment in the Australian Federal Governments’ current involvement in designing new nationally consistent funding models for both government and non-government schooling sectors with effect from 2014. A new National School Resourcing Standard is proposed to be implemented signaling a move to resource adequacy, school efficiency and value for money dimensions. These standards are consistent with the measures presented and estimated in this book. As a result, the models implemented in this book can serve as the basis to evaluate the funding changes associated with the transition from a ‘centralized’ to a new ‘decentralized’ set of school funding arrangements.  .

Data envelopment analysis. --- Nonparametric statistics. --- Distribution-free statistics --- Statistics, Distribution-free --- Statistics, Nonparametric --- Mathematical statistics --- DEA (Data envelopment analysis) --- Linear programming --- Multivariate analysis --- Operations research. --- Social policy. --- Public finance. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Social Policy. --- Public Economics. --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Currency question --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Public finances --- Decision making. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Decision making