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Nature protection --- Air pollution. Air purification --- luchtverontreiniging

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Oxides and acids of nitrogen play an important role in regulating atmospheric radical levels, in particular, that of the OH radical the main initiator of the degradation of chemicals in the atmosphere. A comprehensive overview on the methods used to measure nitrogen oxides and acids in the troposphere is given and difficulties and artefacts associated with the use of the techniques for measurements in urban and mega city environments is illustrated. State-of-the-art methods for the measurement of OH and HO2 radicals are reviewed and recently recognised difficulties, in particular with the measurement of HO2 radicals, are highlighted. Other contributions to the book cover our present understanding of the gas, aqueous and particulate/aerosol phase atmospheric degradation chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under NOx conditions typical of rural, urban and mega city environments. Examples of measurements of NOx and VOCs in the atmospheres of these environments are given, in particular for the megacities Cairo and Beijing, in conjunction with modelling studies which attempt to simulate the field observations using state-of-the art knowledge on the chemistry of the VOCs and radical levels.  .

Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Environmental Sciences --- Hazardous substances. --- Hazardous waste site remediation. --- Cleanup of hazardous waste sites --- Hazardous substances --- Hazardous waste cleanup --- Hazardous waste site cleanup --- Hazardous waste sites --- Remediation of hazardous waste sites --- Dangerous chemicals --- Dangerous goods --- Dangerous materials --- Dangerous substances --- Hazardous chemicals --- Hazardous goods --- Hazardous materials --- Hazmats --- Cleanup --- Cleaning --- Environment. --- Spectroscopy. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Pollution. --- Air pollution. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Environmental Monitoring/Analysis. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Pollution, general. --- Spectroscopy/Spectrometry. --- Pollution --- Chemicals --- Materials --- Environmental protection. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Optics --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Chemical pollution --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Applied ecology --- Environmental policy --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Qualitative --- Environmental aspects --- Spectrometry --- Environmental monitoring. --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Control --- Measurement --- Monitoring --- Analytical chemistry

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Atmospheric pollution has many different detrimental impacts on air quality at urban, regional and global scales. Large volume photoreactors (often referred to as smog or simulation chambers) have been used very effectively to investigate and understand many varied aspects of atmospheric chemistry related to air pollution problems. Photochemical smog formation, which was first observed around 1945 in Los Angeles, is now a major environmental problem for all industrialised and densely populated regions of the world. Over the years many different modelling and experimental tools have been developed to analyse and simulate the complex chemical processes associated with tropspheric photooxidant formation. Work in environmental chambers has played a key role in the development of our understanding of the atmospheric chemistry associated with pollution problems on local, regional and global scales. Chamber observations have also been used in connection with environmental policy issues. In general they are used for validation of atmospheric chemical models, studies of chemical reaction mechanisms and as a direct means to test the possible impact of specific chemical compounds on air quality under simulated ambient conditions New large smog chamber installations have been recently developed in the US (Riverside, California), Europe (Jülich, Germany) and Japan, and a large number of smaller scale laboratory chambers are in operation around the world. Over the years there have been numerous new technical developments related to environmental chamber facilities such as the design of the chambers (e. g.

Atmospheric chemistry --- Air --- Environmental aspects --- Simulation methods --- Pollution --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Atmospheric science --- Environmental protection. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Environmental quality management --- Protection of environment --- Environmental sciences --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental policy --- Environmental quality --- Air pollution. --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Control