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This book is based on contributions presented at the first International Conference on Solar Physics which was organized in Baku, Azerbaijan in July 06–08, 2015, by the Science Development Foundation under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The primary goals were to highlight specific aspects of modern solar physics research, including observation and theory that span from the interior of the Sun out into the wider heliosphere, as well as solar-terrestrial physics and particularly, sun-like stars. The Sun is a variable star. However, we are still far from fully understanding what and how causes this variability. Why does the Sun continue to go on, on a rhythmic scale, the so-called solar cycle, without damping? How to better understand the complicated relationships between the Sun, the heliosphere and the many proxies of long-term solar activity? How the data could be fully exploited for a better understanding of solar changes on the longest possible time scales? How our knowledge on the Sun can be transfer to other stars? What are the impacts on our terrestrial environment? These questions shape the architecture of the book. It will be of interest and useful to scientists and graduate level readers who would like to better master such up-to-date topics.

Astroseismology --- Sun

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The Sun and stars rotate in different ways and at different rates of velocity, and knowledge of how they rotate is important in understanding the formation and evolution of stars and their structure. The wide variety of stars offers an equally wide variety of rotation rates and rotational evolution. From the slowly rotating stars to stars rotating close to their breakup velocities, different techniques and models have to be developed to study rotation and its effects on physical aspects of stars. In fact, one currently witnesses a complete renewal of astrophysical ideas about stellar rotation, mainly due to the development of new models including high-order effects of rotation and magnetism. This book, while not attempting to answer all questions about rotation, given that many issues still have to be further investigated, focuses on the basics and some particular aspects while aiming to show why it is important, from a physical point of view, to study stellar rotation. Based on courses given at a graduate school, these tutorial lectures will be of interest and useful to a rather broad audience of scientists and students.

geofysica --- ruimtevaart --- astronomy --- Geophysics --- Astrophysics --- geophysics --- astrofysica --- astrophysics --- ruimte (astronomie) --- Space research --- Stars --- Etoiles --- Rotation --- Sun --- Soleil --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Rotation. --- Physical geography. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Geography --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Geophysics. --- Space sciences. --- Science and space --- Cosmology --- Science --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Earth sciences --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical

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Based on lectures given at a CNRS summer school in France, this book covers many aspects of stellar environments (both observational and theoretical) and offers a broad overview of the field. More specifically, Part I of the book focuses on the Sun, the properties of the ejected plasma, of the solar wind and on space weather. The second part deals with tides in planetary systems and in binary stellar systems, as well as with interactions in massive binary stars as seen by interferometry. Finally the chapters of Part III discuss the environments of young or evolved stars, stellar winds, agnetic fields and disks. With its broad approach the book will provide advanced students as well as researchers with a good overview of the environments of the Sun and the stars.

Solar atmosphere --- Space environment --- Plasma astrophysics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astronomy - General --- Astrophysics --- Solar atmosphere. --- Space environment. --- Plasma astrophysics. --- Sun. --- Astrophysical plasmas --- Plasmas, Astrophysical --- Environment, Space --- Extraterrestrial environment --- Space weather --- Atmosphere, Solar --- Physics. --- Planetology. --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy --- Astrophysics. --- Space sciences. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Observations. --- Solar system --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Extreme environments --- Heliosphere (Astrophysics) --- Stars --- Atmospheres --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical

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