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"Insanity and Sanctity in Byzantium aims to understand how the use of psychological abnormality functions in deep societal transformations, producing a major shift in the religious, cultural, mental, and social aspects. The book examines a particular set of religious phenomena, in a broadly defined period and area - the Eastern Mediterranean and the Near East between the birth of Christianity and that of Islam - and seeks to reach conclusions on the nature and function of abnormal behavior sanctified by society. Taking as a starting point a particular type of saint of Orthodox Christianity, the holy fool, the person who feigns madness, and investigating other types of saints who portray abnormal behavior, such as the martyr and the ascetic, the book reveals the ambiguous character of the boundary between sanity and insanity. It explains the significance of this ambiguity to the religious experience as a motor of social movement, and sets it at the core of the socio-religious transformation that changed the Antique civilization into a world of medieval societies."--

Psychology and religion --- Mental illness --- Religion and sociology --- Christian saints --- Holy fools --- Religious aspects --- Social aspects

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In a world where princesses found themselves enslaved, kidnapped boys became army generals, and biblical Joseph was a role model, this book narrates the formation of the Middle Ages from the point of view of slavery, and outlines a new approach to enhance our understanding of modern forms of enslavement. Offering an analysis of recent scholarship and an array of sources, never before studied together, from distinct societies and cultures of the first millennium, it challenges the traditional dichotomy between ancient and medieval slaveries. Revealing the dynamic, versatile, and adaptable character of slavery it presents an innovative definition of slavery as a historical process.

Slavery --- History --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Enslaved persons --- Mediterranean World. --- Middle Ages. --- freedom. --- slavery.

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Comment percevait-on l'esclave dans les sociétés esclavagistes, lorsque l'esclavage était légal et que nombre d'hommes libres pouvaient risquer d'y être plongés ? C'est à cette question que les auteurs de ce livre ont tenté de répondre, en confrontant des situations issues des mondes gréco-romains antiques, d'Afrique noire et du monde musulman à celles des modèles esclavagistes de l'Amérique coloniale. De ces approches diverses à travers le temps et l'espace, entre histoire, droit et anthropologie, ressortent de grandes différences entre les sociétés, mais aussi des points de rapprochement. Ainsi, généralement considéré comme une chose et parfois rapproché de l'animal, par son maître comme par ceux désirant légitimer l'institution esclavagiste, l'esclave demeure cependant toujours perçu par eux comme un homme (en droit comme en fait), et donc comme un être humain qui, tout en ne cessant jamais totalement d'être ainsi reconnu, peut être à volonté réduit et/ou assimilé à la condition souhaitée par son maître. Apparaît ainsi l'une des caractéristiques premières de tout système esclavagiste : le pouvoir discrétionnaire du « maître » faisant de l'esclave un homme-frontière, en sursis.

Slaves --- Slavery --- Esclaves --- Esclavage --- Social conditions --- History --- Conditions sociales --- Histoire --- Esclave --- --Condition --- --Esclavage --- --326 --- Slavernij--(algemeen) --- 326 --- 326 Slavernij--(algemeen) --- --Slaves --- Condition --- esclave --- esclavage --- histoire de l'esclavage --- société esclavagiste --- Enslaved persons --- Social conditions.