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The information revolution is leading to the rise of network forms of organization in which small, previously isolated groups can communicate, link up, and conduct coordinated joint actions as never before. This in turn is leading to a new mode of conflict--netwar--in which the protagonists depend on using network forms of organization, doctrine, strategy, and technology. Many actors across the spectrum of conflict--from terrorists, guerrillas, and criminals who pose security threats, to social activists who may not--are developing netwar designs and capabilities. The Zapatista movement in Mex

National security --- Internet --- Information networks --- Public opinion --- Social aspects --- Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico) --- Public opinion. --- Chiapas (Mexico) --- Mexico --- History --- Propaganda. --- Military policy. --- Automated information networks --- Networks, Information --- DARPA Internet --- Internet (Computer network) --- Armée zapatiste de libération nationale (Mexico) --- Zapatista National Liberation Army (Mexico) --- EZLN --- Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Mexico) --- Zapatistas --- Meksiko --- Stany Zjednoczone Meksyku --- Meksyk --- Estados Unidos Mexicanos --- Meḳsiḳe --- Mexique (Country) --- Messico --- Méjico --- República Mexicana --- United States of Mexico --- United Mexican States --- Anáhuac --- メキシコ --- Mekishiko --- מקסיקו --- Information services --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Wide area networks (Computer networks) --- World Wide Web --- Maxico --- Estado de Chiapas (Mexico) --- Ejercito Zapatista de Liberacion Nacional (Mexico)

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Netwar is the lower-intensity, societal-level counterpart to the editors earlier, mostly military concept of cyberwar. This volume studies major instances of netwar - such as bin Laden's network of terrorists - and finds, among other things, that netwar works very well.

Cyberterrorism. --- Information warfare. --- Information warfare --- Cyberterrorism --- Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- #SBIB:327.5H20 --- Attacks on computers --- Computer attacks --- Cyber attacks --- Cyber terrorism --- Cyber war --- Cyberwarfare --- Computer crimes --- Terrorism --- Military art and science --- Vredesonderzoek: algemeen --- Guerre de l'information --- Cyberterrorisme --- Electronic terrorism (Cyberterrorism)

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This report combines an analysis of Fidel Castro's mindset and patterns of behavior as a political actor with assessments of Cuba's current domestic and international situations, in order to assess Castro's foreign policy options through the late 1980s. The findings suggest that, in spite of signs of tactical moderation, Castro continues to adhere to the same maximalist ambitions and behavioral patterns that have characterized his rule for more than 25 years. He will work to ensure the survival of his Sandinista allies in Nicaragua and, if given Soviet backing, may actively seek to defeat the United States in southern Africa.

Heads of state --- Castro, Fidel, --- Psychology. --- Cuba --- Politics and government --- Foreign relations

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The Castro regime remains in the throes of its worst crisis. The failure of the right-wing Soviet coup and the subsequent dissolution of the USSR at the end of 1991 have left Cuba adrift in the world and its economy in shambles. Nevertheless, the regime is likely to survive over the short- and possibly mid-term. It possesses a strong, repressive state, while facing a weak "civil society." However, if the economic decline is not arrested, uncontrolled, potentially violent change could be detonated by disaffected elements within the regime or by an increasingly desperate populace. U.S. policy needs to discriminate carefully between a Cuba under Castro and a Cuba after Castro. It also needs to be flexible. Neither heightening U.S. pressures nor lifting the U.S. embargo are advisable at present, and both could lock U.S. policy into irreversible modes. Persisting with the established policy of containment is preferable for now, but it should be modified with a new information and communication policy to promote civil society and prepare for a Cuba after Castro.

Cuba --- United States --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Foreign relations

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This report presents the results of a 1987 RAND conference on the Nicaraguan Resistance and U.S. Policy Implications. The conference, part of RAND's Western Hemisphere Forum, included presentations on (1) background of the resistance and U.S. support for it, (2) the strategic poverty of the Reagan Administration's vision regarding Nicaragua, (3) the Nicaraguan resistance in transition, (4) Sandinista strategy, and (5) diplomatic-political options in Nicaragua. The conference participants had varied backgrounds in official diplomatic and military capacities and in political activism, policy analysis, or policy-oriented research.

Counterrevolutionaries --- Counterrevolutions --- United States --- Nicaragua --- Foreign relations --- Politics and government