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This multinational collection of essays challenges the traditional image of a monolingual Ancient Regime in Enlightenment Europe, both East and West. Its archival research explores the important role played by selective language use in social life and in the educational provisions in the early constitution of modern society. A broad range of case studies show how language was viewed and used symbolically by social groups "ranging from the nobility to the peasantry" to develop, express, and mark their identities.
Sociolinguistics --- anno 1700-1799 --- Europe --- Historical linguistics --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- History --- E-books --- Historical linguistics. --- Languages in contact --- Multilingualism --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism --- Areal linguistics
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This volume examines the use of French in European language communities outside France from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century. The phenomenon of French language usage is explored in a wide variety of communities, namely Bohemian, Dutch, medieval English, German (Prussian), Italian, Piedmontese, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish and Turkish. Each chapter offers unique insight into the existence of francophonie in a given language community by providing illustrations of language usage and detailed descriptions of various aspects of it. The volume as a whole explores such sociolinguistic matters as bilingualism and multilingualism, the use of French as a lingua franca and prestige language, language choice and code-switching, variations in language usage depending on class or gender, language attitudes and language education. The sociohistorical and sociocultural matters considered include the association of a variety of language with the court, nobility or some other social group; the function of French as a vehicle for the transmission of foreign cultures; and the role of language in the formation of identity of various kinds (national, social and personal).
French language --- Historical linguistics --- Sociolinguistics --- #KVHA:Taalkunde; Frans --- #KVHA:Cultuurgeschiedenis; Frankrijk --- #KVHA:Taalgeschiedenis; Frans --- Social aspects --- History --- Usage. --- European languages.
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With support from the Arts and Humanities Research Council of the UK and the Deutsches Historisches Institut Moskau --the French Language in Russia provides the fullest examination and discussion to date of the adoption of the French Language by the elites of imperial Russia during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is interdisciplinary, approaching its subject from the angles of various kinds of history and historical sociolinguistics. Beyond its bearing on some of the grand narratives of Russian thought and literature, this book may afford more general insight into the social, political, cultural, and literary implications and effects of bilingualism in a speech community over a long period. It should also enlarge understanding of francophonie as a pan-European phenomenon. On the broadest plane, It has significance in an age of unprecedented global connectivity, for It invites us to look Beyond the experience of a single nation and the social groups and individuals within It in order to discover how languages and the cultures and narratives associated With them have been shared across national boundaries.
French language --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages --- History --- Bilingualism --- Language and languages --- Languages in contact --- Multilingualism
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This is the first volume of a two volume set which explores the profound impact of the French language and culture on Russian high society and consciousness in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Volume 1 provides insights into the development of the practice of speaking and writing French at the Russian court and among the Russian nobility from the mid-eighteenth century to the mid-nineteenth century, after which the circle of Russians who continued to use French in Russia was narrower. In the process, readers will be introduced to a wide range of types of text. They will also encounter examples of the impact of the French language on Russian and will reflect on the practice of code-switching and the distinction between bilingualism and diglossia.
French language --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Langue d'oïl --- Language. --- Russia --- Soviet Union --- History --- Sociolinguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Social aspects --- History. --- Sociological aspects --- #KVHA:Taalkunde; Russisch --- #KVHA:Cultuurgeschiedenis; Rusland --- #KVHA:Frans; Rusland --- Language --- Leadership --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social classes --- Social groups --- Romance languages --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Romance Languages --- Languages & Literatures
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De Pierre le Grand à la seconde guerre mondiale, les relations de la France et de la Russie, tour à tour alliées ou opposées, ont toujours été importantes pour l’histoire de l’Europe, dans tous les domaines, tant politiques, diplomatiques, militaires, culturels, commerciaux ou industriels. Toutefois, l’historiographie française s’est principalement intéressé aux relations réciproques de ces deux états et des hommes au siècle des Lumières et, à l’opposé, d’autres chercheurs, avec des optiques diverses, ont travaillé sur la Russie depuis la révolution d’Octobre. En revanche, la période qui s’étend entre les révolutions de 1789 et de 1917, mis à part l’épisode napoléonien, était presque une terra incognita, tant du point de vue des sources conservées dans les deux pays que des recherches effectuées. C’est cette lacune que l’ouvrage publié ici comble largement. Un tableau des sources existantes, tant aux Archives nationales qu’au ministère des Affaires étrangère, est présenté en même temps qu’un aperçu sur les ressources des archives bancaires. Comment connaître la communauté française en Russie, conduire une recherche prosopographique ? Quels regards portaient les voyageurs français civils et militaires ? La culture française en Russie à travers l’édition, les bibliothèques et l’enseignement, mais aussi la formation de collections sont explorés, sans oublier le développement des études slaves en France. Les échanges économiques prennent un essor remarquable à partir du milieu du XIXᵉ siècle, l’industrie précède la finance qui précède l’assurance. L’implantation des industriels, leurs réalisations sont remarquables ainsi que le rôle des industriels français dans le développement de l’industrie russe à la veille de la révolution d’Octobre. Dont le regard des assureurs nous donne une vision objective.
French --- Français --- History --- Histoire --- France --- Russia --- Russie --- Foreign relations --- Relations extérieures --- Français --- Relations extérieures --- International Relations --- XIXe siècle --- culture --- industrie --- art --- histoire --- source --- XXe siècle --- archive
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