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In this innovative book, Stephen P. Rice offers a new understanding of class formation in America during the several decades before the Civil War. This was the period in the nation's early industrial development when travel by steamboat became commonplace, when the railroad altered concepts of space and time, and when Americans experienced the beginnings of factory production. These disorienting changes raised a host of questions about what machinery would accomplish. Would it promote equality or widen the distance between rich and poor? Among the most contentious questions were those focusing on the social consequences of mechanization: while machine enthusiasts touted the extent to which machines would free workers from toil, others pointed out that people needed to tend machines, and that that work was fundamentally degrading and exploitative. Minding the Machine shows how members of a new middle class laid claim to their social authority and minimized the potential for class conflict by playing out class relations on less contested social and technical terrains. As they did so, they defined relations between shop owners-and the overseers, foremen, or managers they employed-and wage workers as analogous to relations between head and hand, between mind and body, and between human and machine. Rice presents fascinating discussions of the mechanics' institute movement, the manual labor school movement, popular physiology reformers, and efforts to solve the seemingly intractable problem of steam boiler explosions. His eloquent narrative demonstrates that class is as much about the comprehension of social relations as it is about the making of social relations, and that class formation needs to be understood not only as a social struggle but as a conceptual struggle.

Social classes in literature. --- Work in literature. --- Industrial revolution --- Social classes --- Revolution, Industrial --- Economic history --- Social history --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- History --- Social classes -- United States -- History -- 19th century.. --- Industrial revolution -- United States -- History -- 19th century.. --- Work in literature.. --- antebellum america. --- civil war. --- class conflict. --- class formation. --- class relations. --- economic history. --- engineer. --- explosions. --- factory production. --- factory workers. --- foremen. --- industrial development. --- industrial revolution. --- labor industrial relations. --- labor movements. --- labor. --- management. --- manual labor. --- marxism. --- mechanic institutes movement. --- mechanization. --- middle class. --- nonfiction. --- poverty. --- railroad. --- steam boiler. --- steamboat. --- united states. --- wage workers. --- wealth gap. --- working class. --- working conditions.

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Key Concepts in Geography defines the key terms - space, time, place, scale, landscape - that inform the language of geography and define the geographical imagination. It is unique in the reference literature as it provides in one volume, definitions of terms from both human geography and physical geography. Four introductory chapters, on different intellectual traditions in geography, situate and introduce the entries on the key concepts. Each entry comprises: - a short definition - a summary of the principal arguments - a substantive 5,000-word discussion - use of real-life examples - annotated notes for further reading Written in an accessible way - by established figures in the discipline - the definitions provide thorough explanations of key geographical concepts. Each discussion provides references to, and summaries of, the key literature; as well as an examination of the history and use of each concept, illustrated with everyday examples. Key Concepts in Geography is a comprehensive primer of core concepts that undergraduates in geography must be conversant with to complete their degree.

Geography --- Methods in social research (general) --- Geography. --- Geografie --- Sociale en economische geografie --- Algemeen.