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This paper examines interest rate spreads in the Eastern Caribbean and seeks to explain why they are persistently high by comparison with other low-inflation countries. The paper concludes that operating costs appear to be a key determinant of observed interest rate spreads, giving rise to the policy recommendation that efforts to expand the market size of efficient banks might help pave the way for greater efficiency.

Banks and Banking --- Industries: Financial Services --- Macroeconomics --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Banking --- Finance --- Financial services law & regulation --- Commercial banks --- Deposit rates --- Loans --- Loan loss provisions --- Financial institutions --- Financial services --- Financial regulation and supervision --- Personal income --- National accounts --- Banks and banking --- Interest rates --- State supervision --- Income --- United States

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The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank is one of just a few regional central banks in the world and the only one where the member countries have pooled all their foreign reserves, the convertability of the common currency is fully self-supported, and the parity of the exchange rate has not changed. This occasional paper reviews recent developments, policy issues, and institutional arrangements in the member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union, and looks at the regional financial system, its supervision, and the central bank's initiatives to establish a single financial space. The paper includes a large amount of statistical information that is not readily available elsewhere from a single source.

Zonder onderwerpscode --- Monetary unions --- History --- Eastern Caribbean Currency Union --- Eastern Caribbean Central Bank --- -339.732 <8> --- CAR / Caribbean Countries - Antillen - Antilles --- 333.432.9 --- 330.05 --- 332.49729 --- Common currencies --- Currency areas --- Currency unions --- Optimum currency areas --- Currency question --- Money --- Internationale banken. Wereldbank. Ontwikkelingsbank. Investeringsbank. Comecom, samenwerkingsbank. Europees monetair fonds. Europees ontwikkelingsfonds. Europese investeringsbank. Europese monetaire--Zuid-Amerika --- Arabisch monetair fonds. --- -Eastern Caribbean Currency Union --- -ECCU --- ECCB --- East Caribbean Currency Authority --- Working papers --- Centrale banken: Oostelijke Caribische Staten --- Monetetaire unies: Oostelijke Caribische Staten --- Valuta-unies: Oostelijke Caribische Staten --- History. --- Centrale banken: Oostelijke Caribische Staten. --- Monetetaire unies: Oostelijke Caribische Staten. --- Valuta-unies: Oostelijke Caribische Staten. --- -History --- 339.732 <8> Ida. Ibrd. Bird. Ifc. Imf. Speciale trekkingsrechten. Bank voor internationale betalingen. Internationaal monetair systeem--Zuid-Amerika --- 339.732 <8> Internationale banken. Wereldbank. Ontwikkelingsbank. Investeringsbank. Comecom, samenwerkingsbank. Europees monetair fonds. Europees ontwikkelingsfonds. Europese investeringsbank. Europese monetaire--Zuid-Amerika --- Ida. Ibrd. Bird. Ifc. Imf. Speciale trekkingsrechten. Bank voor internationale betalingen. Internationaal monetair systeem--Zuid-Amerika --- 339.732 <8> --- Arabisch monetair fonds --- ECCU --- Monetary unions - Caribbean Area - History --- Banks and Banking --- Investments: Commodities --- Investments: General --- Public Finance --- Industries: Financial Services --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Agriculture: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Banking --- Investment & securities --- Finance --- Public finance & taxation --- Monetary economics --- Commercial banks --- Agricultural commodities --- Loans --- Public investment spending --- Financial institutions --- Commodities --- Credit --- Expenditure --- Banks and banking --- Farm produce --- Public investments --- Antigua and Barbuda