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This volume seeks to explain why democratization and military reforms stagnate in newly democratizing countries. The contributions blend historical, ideational, cultural and structural explanatory factors to analyze the trajectories of military reform in Indonesia and Nigeria, two major regional powers that share many structural commonalities. In the tradition of the literature on security sector reform (SSR), the book not only scrutinizes executive initiatives toward military reform, but also provides ample coverage of societal actors. Findings show that while military reform is stagnating in both countries, societal forces ought to be taken into account more as major driving forces in explaining military reform. Several chapters study how legislatures, non-governmental organizations and the civilian defence epistemic community contribute to the transformation of military institutions. The last part of the book tackles another aspect rarely studied in the literature on military reform, namely, the role of militias in military reform.

Armed Forces --- Reorganization --- Indonesia --- Nigeria --- Reorganization. --- Nigeria (Federation) --- Federation of Nigeria --- Nigerija --- Federal Republic of Nigeria --- Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria --- Republic of Nigeria --- Federal Military Government (Nigeria) --- Nai-chi-li-ya --- Nigerii︠a︡ --- Bundesrepublik Nigeria --- United States of Indonesia --- Republic of the United States of Indonesia --- Republik Indonesia Serikat --- R.I. (Republik Indonesia) --- RI (Republik Indonesia) --- Indonesië --- Indonezii︠a︡ --- PDRI (Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia) --- Pemerintah Darurat Republik Indonesia --- Republik Indonesia --- Yinni --- Republic of Indonesia --- Republiek van Indonesië --- إندونيسيا --- Indūnīsīyā --- جمهورية إندونيسيا --- Jumhūrīyah Indūnīsīyā --- Republica d'Indonesia --- Indonezia --- Endonèsie --- İndoneziya --- İndoneziya Respublikası --- Інданезія --- Indanezii︠a︡ --- Рэспубліка Інданезія --- Rėspublika Indanezii︠a︡ --- Indonezija --- Republika Indonezija --- Индонезия --- Република Индонезия --- Republika Indonezii︠a︡ --- Indonesya --- Induonezėjė --- Armed Services --- Military, The --- インドネシア --- Indoneshia --- インドネシア共和国 --- Indoneshia Kyōwakoku --- Political science. --- Comparative politics. --- International relations. --- Constitutional law. --- Political Science and International Relations. --- Comparative Politics. --- International Relations. --- Constitutional Law. --- Military art and science --- Disarmament --- Jamhuriyar Taraiyar Nijeriya --- Ọ̀hàńjíkọ̀ Ọ̀hànézè Naìjíríyà --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìniira Àpapọ̀ Nàìjíríà --- ナイジェリア --- Naijeria --- ניגריה --- Nigeryah --- Dutch East Indies --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Comparative political systems --- Comparative politics --- Government, Comparative --- Political systems, Comparative --- Political science --- Constitutional law --- Constitutional limitations --- Constitutionalism --- Constitutions --- Limitations, Constitutional --- Public law --- Administrative law --- Interpretation and construction --- Indonesia. --- ABRI --- A.B.R.I.