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This is the third volume of Hilary Putnam's philosophical papers, published in paperback for the first time. The volume contains his major essays from 1975 to 1982, which reveal a large shift in emphasis in the 'realist' position developed in his earlier work. While not renouncing those views, Professor Putnam has continued to explore their epistemological consequences and conceptual history. He now, crucially, sees theories of truth and of meaning that derive from a firm notion of reference as inadequate.

Theory of knowledge --- Realism --- Reason --- Réalisme --- Raison --- Mind --- Intellect --- Rationalism --- Empiricism --- Philosophy --- Universals (Philosophy) --- Conceptualism --- Dualism --- Idealism --- Materialism --- Nominalism --- Positivism --- Realism. --- Reason. --- Réalisme --- Arts and Humanities

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In this brief book one of the most distinguished living American philosophers takes up the question of whether ethical judgements can properly be considered objective - a question that has vexed philosophers over the past century.

Metaphysics --- General ethics --- Being --- Ethics --- Ethiek --- Ethique --- Etre (Philosophie) --- Ontologie --- Ontology --- Zijn (Filosofie) --- Zijnsleer --- Ethics. --- Ontology. --- Philosophy --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Values

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La Philosophie juive comme guide de vie est le dernier livre publié par Hilary Putnam, figure majeure de la philosophie américaine contemporaine. Plus connu pour ses contributions décisives à divers domaines de la philosophie analytique (philosophie de l'esprit, philosophie du langage, philosophie des sciences, éthique, etc.), Hilary Putnam a également développé une réflexion sur la religion juive. Ce livre nous la présente et nous fait découvrir une facette plus intime de cet auteur qui reste cependant ici plus que jamais un philosophe. Ce livre s'inscrit ainsi dans la suite du dernier grand ouvrage que Putnam a consacré à l'éthique (Ethics without Ontology, 2004). Se réclamant de l'héritage de Pierre Hadot, il nous donne à voir, dans la pensée de plusieurs philosophes juifs et de Wittgenstein en particulier, une conception forte de la philosophie comme guide de vie. Il met en lumière cette conception commune de la philosophie qui traverse l'oeuvre de ces philosophes et donne ainsi sur leur pensée un éclairage insoupçonné. En effet, si le lecteur français connaît bien l'oeuvre d'Emmanuel Levinas, il connaît peut-être moins celles de Martin Buber et de Franz Rosenzweig. Les textes de Putnam sont une invitation à les redécouvrir. Ce fil conduit aussi Putnam à rapprocher Wittgenstein de Rosenzweig, d'un geste inattendu qui s'avère très fructueux. D'une oeuvre à l'autre, c'est une réflexion à la fois très personnelle et très cohérente que nous propose Putnam. Il trouve dans la philosophie juive l'exemple d'une philosophie qui retrouve son rôle principiel : nous apprendre à vivre.

Jewish philosophy --- Philosophie juive

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Hilary Putnam, who may have been the first philosopher to advance the notion that the computer is an apt model for the mind, takes a radically new view of his own theory of functionalism in this book. Putnam argues that in fact the computational analogy cannot answer the important questions about the nature of such mental states as belief, reasoning, rationality, and knowledge that lie at the heart of the philosophy of mind.

Theory of knowledge --- Realism. --- Mind-brain identity theory. --- Functionalism (Psychology) --- Truth. --- Reference (Philosophy) --- Mathematics --- Computers. --- Philosophy. --- Functionalism (Psychology). --- Reference (Philosophy). --- Computers --- Mind-brain identity theory --- Realism --- Truth --- Conviction --- Belief and doubt --- Philosophy --- Skepticism --- Certainty --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Pragmatism --- Referring, Theory of --- Theory of referring --- Empiricism --- Universals (Philosophy) --- Conceptualism --- Dualism --- Idealism --- Materialism --- Nominalism --- Positivism --- Rationalism --- Brain-mind identity theory --- Brain --- Mind and body --- Functional psychology --- Psychology --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Logic of mathematics --- Mathematics, Logic of --- Philosophy & Religion --- Math --- Science --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- PHILOSOPHY/Philosophy of Mind/General --- Mathematics - Philosophy.

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Philosophy of language --- Philosophy of science --- General ethics --- Theory of knowledge --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Reference (Philosophy) --- Social sciences --- Truth --- Conviction --- Belief and doubt --- Philosophy --- Skepticism --- Certainty --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Pragmatism --- Referring, Theory of --- Theory of referring --- Analysis, Linguistic (Philosophy) --- Analysis, Logical --- Analysis, Philosophical --- Analytic philosophy --- Analytical philosophy --- Linguistic analysis (Philosophy) --- Logical analysis --- Philosophical analysis --- Philosophy, Analytical --- Language and languages --- Methodology --- Logical positivism --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Analysis (Philosophy). --- Reference (Philosophy). --- Truth. --- Methodology. --- Vérité --- Référence (Philosophie) --- Philosophie analytique --- Sciences sociales --- Méthodologie