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"Ecohydrology is the study of the two-way interaction between the hydrological cycle and ecosystems. More broadly, it is the science of the linkages between life and water on Earth. On the one hand, the space and time variability of the hydrological cycle controls the water availability for ecosystems; on the other hand, ecosystems, especially through transpiration by vegetation, control the main pathway by which water returns to the atmosphere from land. The terrestrial water cycle also drives some of the dynamics of soil organic matter, 7 8 Chapter introduction - Abiotic processes (water and energy cycles) Biotic processes (carbon and nutrient cycles, vegetation and soil microbes) 2-way interaction Society Agroecosystems (60% of rainfall goes in transpiration in agricultural land Rule of thumb: 1 kg of bread requires 1 m3 of water) 2-way interaction Figure 1.1: Ecohydrology is characterized by the feedbacks between hydrological and ecological processes, involving numerous biotic and abiotic components, as well as by the growing interactions with the social components, especially ftwowayg through agroecosystems. microbial biomass, and the related nutrient cycling. These in turn not only a ect the vegetation dynamics but also impact the hydraulic and thermodynamic properties of soil, thereby directly acting on the partitioning of water and energy uxes at the land-atmosphere interface. The interaction between water balance and plants is responsible for some of the fundamental di erences among biomes (e.g., forests, grasslands, savannas) and for the developments of their space-time patterns. Thus one of the rst objectives of ecohydrology is to understand the intertwined dynamics of climate, soil, and vegetation. This interaction is especially interesting in water-limited ecosystems, where water is a limiting factor not only because of its scarcity but also because of its intermittent and unpredictable appearance. Many important practical issues depend on the quantitative understanding of the ecohydrological processes, including environmental preservation and proper management of soil and water resources. A solid scientic foundation of sustainable development and eco-agriculture must take into account the two-way interaction between biosphere and hydrosphere, as well as include a quantitative description of the human interference with these processes (see Fig. 1.1)."--

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Ecohydrology of Water-controlled Ecosystems addresses the connections between the hydrologic cycle and plant ecosystems, with special emphasis on arid and semi-arid climates. This important topic is treated by building suitable mathematical models of the physics involved and then applying them to study the ecosystem structure and its response to rainfall and climate forcing in different parts of the world, including savannas, grasslands and forests. It investigates the vegetation response to water stress (drought), the hydrologic control on cycles of soil nutrients, and the dynamics of plant competition for water. The book also offers insights into processes closely related to soil moisture dynamics, such as soil-atmosphere interaction and soil gas emissions. This book will appeal to advanced students and researchers from a large range of disciplines, including environmental science, hydrology, ecology, earth science, civil and environmental engineering, agriculture and atmospheric science.

Ecohydrology. --- Plant-water relationships. --- Plant-soil relationships. --- Plants and soil --- Soil-plant relationships --- Soils and plants --- Plant ecology --- Plants and water --- Water and plants --- Water-plant relationships --- Soil moisture --- Eco-hydrology --- Aquatic ecology --- Hydrology --- Ecohydrology --- Plant-water relationships --- Plant-soil relationships --- Environmental Sciences and Forestry. Water Management --- Geohydrology, Soil Hydrology.

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By combining the analysis of biotic and abiotic components of terrestrial ecosystems, this book synthesizes material on arid and semiarid landscapes, which was previously scattered among various books and journal articles. It focuses on water-limited ecosystems, which are highly sensitive to fluctuations in hydrologic conditions and, in turn, play an important role in affecting the regional water cycle. Intended as a tool for scientists working in the area of the earth and environmental sciences, this book presents the basic principles of eco-hydrology as well as a broad spectrum of topics and advances in this research field. Written by authors with diverse areas of expertise who work in arid areas around the world, the contributions describe the various interactions between the biological and physical dynamics in dryland ecosystems, ranging from basic processes in the soil-vegetation-climate system, to landscape-scale hydrologic and geomorphic processes, ecohydrologic controls on soil nutrient dynamics, and multiscale analyses of disturbances and patterns.

Ecohydrology. --- Arid regions ecology. --- Arid regions --- Ecology --- Eco-hydrology --- Aquatic ecology --- Hydrology --- Ecology . --- Aquatic ecology . --- Plant ecology. --- Animal ecology. --- Hydrology. --- Terrestial Ecology. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Plant Ecology. --- Animal Ecology. --- Hydrology/Water Resources. --- Animals --- Zoology --- Aquatic sciences --- Earth sciences --- Hydrography --- Water --- Botany --- Phytoecology --- Plants --- Vegetation ecology --- Aquatic biology --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Floristic ecology --- Hidrologia --- Ciències de la Terra --- Cicle de l'aigua --- Hidrologia d'aigües subterrànies --- Hidrologia forestal --- Hidrometeorologia --- Paleohidrologia --- Química de l'aigua --- Limnologia --- Abastament d'aigua --- Hidrografia

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