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Strategic planning - Israel. --- Aging --- Strategic planning --- Government policy --- Israel --- Social policy. --- Economic policy. --- Goal setting (Strategic planning) --- Planning, Strategic --- Strategic intent (Strategic planning) --- Strategic management --- Age --- Ageing --- Senescence --- Physiological effect --- Planning --- Business planning --- Developmental biology --- Gerontology --- Longevity --- Age factors in disease

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This report assesses the Soviet effort to improve economic performance by improving the quality of machine-building products. The author contends that the modernization program addresses only the symptoms of economic inefficiency, not the root cause. The senior Soviet leadership does not yet have an understanding that the goals set for the modernization program depend on fundamental reform of Soviet economic institutions. The Soviet enterprise is not the equivalent of the Western firm--the Soviet enterprise manager is subject to more uncertainty, retains less control, and faces less well specified performance criteria. Emphasis on the adoption of new machinery may impose a net cost on the economy rather than a benefit--and with disappointing results. The success of an effort to modernize Soviet industry depends upon efficient use of information, requiring more substantial reform of the economic system. True modernization is possible only with an adequate system for setting prices, sufficient competition, removal of ministerial authority, and reform of the way the average Soviet enterprise is organized.

Machinery industry --- Industries --- Industrial productivity --- Technological innovations --- Soviet Union --- Economic policy

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This report assesses the potential for Eastern Europe to provide the high-technology products necessary to further the modernization of the Soviet economy. It examines both traditional trade in high-technology products as well as recent measures to encourage integrated and cooperative technology development within the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). The author (1) discusses the institutional setting for CMEA trade and for cooperation in developing high-technology goods, (2) analyzes the results of the CMEA science and technology program by examining the number and nature of agreements signed to date and considers the barriers to more extensive contacts, (3) examines trade in four specific high-technology commodities to determine how exports to the Soviet Union have shifted during the late 1980s, and (4) considers how extensive East European deliveries of these goods are likely to be in the future, and how likely they are to prove a significant source for satisfying Soviet needs.

Technology transfer --- Technological innovations --- Economic aspects --- Europe, Eastern --- Soviet Union --- Commerce

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This book discusses the opportunities and risks the government of Israel faces in shifting to a greater reliance on domestic and imported natural gas. By applying newly developed methods for strategic planning and decisionmaking under deep uncertainty, the analysis seeks to help the Israeli government engage in managed change by choosing robust strategies that minimize potential consequences of relying more heavily on natural gas.

Energy policy --Israel. --- Gas industry --Israel. --- Natural gas reserves --Israel --Forecasting. --- Strategic materials --Israel. --- Gas industry --- Natural gas reserves --- Energy policy --- Strategic materials --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Forecasting --- Forecasting. --- Critical materials --- Energy and state --- Power resources --- State and energy --- Gas reserves --- Natural gas --- Natural gas supply --- Reserves of natural gas --- Natural gas industry --- Government policy --- Reserves --- Materials --- Military policy --- Raw materials --- Industrial policy --- Energy conservation --- Energy industries --- E-books

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High technology industries --- Competition, International. --- Korea (South) --- China --- Economic policy