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Building theories of organizations is challenging: theories are partial and "folk" categories are fuzzy. The commonly used tools--first-order logic and its foundational set theory--are ill-suited for handling these complications. Here, three leading authorities rethink organization theory. Logics of Organization Theory sets forth and applies a new language for theory building based on a nonmonotonic logic and fuzzy set theory. In doing so, not only does it mark a major advance in organizational theory, but it also draws lessons for theory building elsewhere in the social sciences. Organizational research typically analyzes organizations in categories such as "bank," "hospital," or "university." These categories have been treated as crisp analytical constructs designed by researchers. But sociologists increasingly view categories as constructed by audiences. This book builds on cognitive psychology and anthropology to develop an audience-based theory of organizational categories. It applies this framework and the new language of theory building to organizational ecology. It reconstructs and integrates four central theory fragments, and in so doing reveals unexpected connections and new insights.

Organizational sociology --- Nonmonotonic reasoning. --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Predicaments (Categories) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Logic --- Ontology --- Predicate (Logic) --- Non-monotonic reasoning --- Reasoning --- Organization (Sociology) --- Organization theory --- Sociology of organizations --- Sociology --- Bureaucracy --- Methodology. --- Nonmonotonic reasoning --- Methodology --- E-books

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This volume is based on the International Conference Logic at Work, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in December 1992. The 14 papers in this volume are selected from 86 submissions and 8 invited contributions and are all devoted to knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty, which are core issues of formal artificial intelligence. Nowadays, logic is not any longer mainly associated to mathematical and philosophical problems. The term applied logic has a far wider meaning, as numerous applications of logical methods, particularly in computer science, artificial intelligence, or formal linguistics, testify. As demonstrated also in this volume, a variety of non-standard logics gained increased importance for knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty.

Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Argumentatieleer --- Argumentation [Théorie de l' ] --- Indetermination (Theorie de l'information) --- Kennisrepresentatie (Informatietheorie) --- Knowledge representation (Information theory) --- Onzekerheid (Informatietheorie) --- Raisonnement --- Reasoning --- Redenering --- Représentation des connaissances (Théorie de l'information) --- Uncertainty (Information theory) --- Artificial intelligence. --- Mathematics. --- Computer science. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Mathematics, general. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Informatics --- Science --- Math --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Artificial intelligence --- Intelligence artificielle --- Automatic theorem proving --- Théorèmes --- Démonstration automatique --- Démonstration automatique. --- Automatic theorem proving. --- Théorèmes --- Démonstration automatique --- Informatique theorique --- Knowledge representation