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The institution of monasticism in the Christian Church is in general decline, at least in so-called “first world” nations. Though there are many reasons for this, monastic leaders are confronted by the reality of fewer communities, monks, and nuns nonetheless. At the same time, many younger Christians are rediscovering the rich heritage of the monastic tradition. Though they themselves might not be called to join a traditional monastery, they are eager to appropriate monastic practices in their own lives. This had led to a movement known as the “new monasticism” or “secular monasticism.” Despite lacking a unified vision and any central organization, these new/secular monastics are attempting, in their own ways, to carry on the tradition and practices of Christian monasticism. As well, there is a movement within historical Christian monasteries to pour new wine into old wineskins. Traditional forms of monasticism are also generally flourishing in developing nations, breathing new life into monasticism. This volume looks at the current monastic landscape to assess where monasticism stands and to imagine ways in which it will grow in the future, leading not only to a renewed Christian monasticism but to new monasticisms.

n/a --- artist --- religion and ecology --- Catholic monasticism --- religious pluralism --- Centering Prayer --- New Monastic Communities --- lay contemplatives --- Anselm --- environmental humanities --- new monasticism --- Proslogion --- creativity --- double monasteries --- monogamy --- religious ambiguity --- Vatican Council II --- monastic rules --- history of monasticism --- religious life --- art --- vows --- development --- spiritual ecology --- gender cohabitation --- Africa --- monk --- community --- spirituality --- contemplative Christianity --- spiritual formation --- intentional community --- greening of religion --- monotheism --- monasticism --- proof of God’s existence --- Beguine --- cultural transfer --- Orthodox monasticism --- landscape --- Monasticism and religious orders. --- Spiritual life --- Christianity. --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- proof of God's existence

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Monasticism and religious orders --- Spirituality

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Environmental protection. Environmental technology

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This brief contains information on the reduction of environmental impact and explains how it is a key driver for the R&D of new forest products. The authors, experts in the field, describe how Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to assess the environmental impact of such products, e.g. in order to guide R&D or attract investments. The authors describe the main challenges of carrying out LCAs on forest products, make recommendations for managing these challenges, and discuss future research needs. LCA case studies are used to illustrate the challenges, covering a variety of forest products: building components, biofuels, industrial chemicals, textile fibres and clothing. Described challenges include the planning of LCA studies (e.g.how can one use LCA in R&D?), the modelling of product systems (how can one handle multi-functionality and uncertainties related to waste handling and geographical location of future production?) and environmental impact (how can one assess water and land use impact, and the climate impact of biomass?).

Environment. --- Polymers. --- Chemical engineering. --- Forest products. --- Environmental monitoring. --- Monitoring/Environmental Analysis. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Wood Science & Technology. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Forest products --- Forest management. --- Product life cycle. --- Management. --- Life cycle, Product --- Manufactures --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Forests and forestry --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Forest production --- Life cycle --- Management --- Administration --- Marketing --- Product management --- Ecosystem management --- Natural resources --- Botany, Economic --- Commercial products --- Raw materials --- Control --- Wood. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Building materials --- Trees --- Timber --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Polymers  . --- Biomonitoring (Ecology) --- Ecological monitoring --- Environmental quality --- Monitoring, Environmental --- Applied ecology --- Environmental engineering --- Pollution --- Measurement --- Monitoring