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Trade routes --- History. --- History --- Commercial routes --- Foreign trade routes --- Ocean routes --- Routes of trade --- Sea lines of communication --- Sea routes --- Commerce --- India --- Rome --- Rim --- Roman Empire --- Roman Republic (510-30 B.C.) --- Romi (Empire) --- Byzantine Empire --- Rome (Italy) --- Indland --- Ḣindiston Respublikasi --- Republic of India --- Bhārata --- Indii︠a︡ --- Inde --- Indië --- Indien --- Sāthāranarat ʻIndīa --- Yin-tu --- Bharat --- Government of India --- インド --- Indo --- Civilization --- Foreign public opinion, Roman --- Relations --- هند --- Индия

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Ancient history --- South Africa

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Though Graeco-Roman antiquity ('classics') has often been considered the handmaid of colonialism, its various forms have nonetheless endured through many of the continent's decolonising transitions. Southern Africa is no exception. This book canvasses the variety of forms classics has taken in Zimbabwe, Mozambique and especially South Africa, and even the dynamics of transformation itself. How does (u)Mzantsi classics (of southern Africa) look in an era of profound change, whether violent or otherwise? What are its future prospects? Contributors focus on pedagogies, historical consciousness, the creative arts and popular culture. The volume, in its overall shape, responds to the idea of dialogue - in both the Greek form associated with Plato's rendition of Socrates' wisdom and in the African concept of ubuntu. Here are dialogues between scholars, both emerging and established, as well as students - some of whom were directly impacted by the Fallist protests of the late 20-teens. Rather than offering an apologia for classics, these dialogues engage with pressing questions of relevance, identity, change, the canon, and the dynamics of decolonisation and potential recolonisation. The goal is to interrogate classics - the ways it has been taught, studied, perceived, transformed and even lived - from many points of view.

Decolonization.

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Though Graeco-Roman antiquity ('classics') has often been considered the handmaid of colonialism, its various forms have nonetheless endured through many of the continent's decolonising transitions. Southern Africa is no exception. This book canvasses the variety of forms classics has taken in Zimbabwe, Mozambique and especially South Africa, and even the dynamics of transformation itself. How does (u)Mzantsi classics (of southern Africa) look in an era of profound change, whether violent or otherwise? What are its future prospects? Contributors focus on pedagogies, historical consciousness, the creative arts and popular culture. The volume, in its overall shape, responds to the idea of dialogue - in both the Greek form associated with Plato's rendition of Socrates' wisdom and in the African concept of ubuntu. Here are dialogues between scholars, both emerging and established, as well as students - some of whom were directly impacted by the Fallist protests of the late 20-teens. Rather than offering an apologia for classics, these dialogues engage with pressing questions of relevance, identity, change, the canon, and the dynamics of decolonisation and potential recolonisation. The goal is to interrogate classics - the ways it has been taught, studied, perceived, transformed and even lived - from many points of view.

Decolonization.

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Walking through Elysium stresses the subtle and intricate ways writers across time and space wove Vergil’s underworld in Aeneid 6 into their works. These allusions operate on many levels, from the literary and political to the religious and spiritual. Aeneid 6 reshaped prior philosophical, religious, and poetic traditions of underworld descents, while offering a universalizing account of the spiritual that could accommodate prior as well as emerging religious and philosophical systems. Vergil’s underworld became an archetype, a model flexible enough to be employed across genres, and periods, and among differing cultural and religious contexts. The essays in this volume speak to Vergil’s incorporation of and influence on literary representations of underworlds, souls, afterlives, prophecies, journeys, and spaces, from sacred and profane to wild and civilized, tracing the impact of Vergil’s underworld on authors such as Ovid, Seneca, Statius, Augustine, and Shelley, from Pagan and Christian traditions through Romantic and Spiritualist readings. Walking through Elysium asserts the deep and lasting influence of Vergil’s underworld from the moment of its publication to the present day.

Voyages to the otherworld in literature --- Aeneid --- Augustine --- Christian --- Ovid --- Pagan --- Romantic --- Rome --- Seneca --- Shelley --- Statius --- Vergil --- Virgil --- classical literature --- death --- literary reception --- poetry --- spirituality --- tradition --- underworld --- Vergilius Maro, P. --- Vergilius Maro, Publius --- Vergilius --- Virgile --- Virgilio Máron, Publio --- Virgilius Maro, Publius --- Vergili Maronis, Publius --- Virgilio Marone, P. --- Vergilīĭ --- Vergílio --- Wergiliusz --- Vergilīĭ Maron, P. --- Vergilīĭ Maron, Publīĭ --- Verhiliĭ Maron, P. --- Virgilio --- Virgilīĭ, --- Virgilius Maro, P. --- Virgil Maro, P. --- ווירגיל, --- וירגיליוס, --- ורגיליוס, --- מרו, פובליוס ורגיליוס, --- فرجيل, --- Pseudo-Virgil --- Pseudo Virgilio --- Virgilio Marón, Publio --- Bhārjila --- Influence. --- E-books --- Voyages to the otherworld in literature. --- Aeneid. --- Augustine. --- Christian. --- Ovid. --- Pagan. --- Romantic. --- Rome. --- Seneca. --- Shelley. --- Statius. --- Vergil. --- Virgil. --- classical literature. --- death. --- literary reception. --- poetry. --- spirituality. --- tradition. --- underworld. --- LITERARY CRITICISM / Ancient & Classical. --- Marone, Publio Virgilio --- Aeneis (Virgil) --- Aeneid (Virgil) --- Eneida (Virgil) --- Enéide (Virgil)